The role of cellular adhesion molecules in virus attachment and entry [PDF]
, 2015 As obligate intracellular parasites, viruses must traverse the host-cell plasma membrane to initiate infection. This presents a formidable barrier, which they have evolved diverse strategies to overcome.
Bhella, David
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Mathematical Model of HIV superinfection dynamics and R5 to X4 switch [PDF]
, 2006 During the HIV infection several quasispecies of the virus arise, which are able to use different coreceptors, in particular the CCR5 and CXCR4 coreceptors (R5 and X4 phenotypes, respectively).
Bagnoli, Franco +2 more
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Cytokine production and signaling pathways in respiratory virus infection
Frontiers in Microbiology, 2013 It has been confirmed that respiratory virus infections can induce abberant cytokine production in the host. These cytokines may be associated with both elimination of the virus and complications in the host, such as virus-induced asthma.
Hirokazu eKimura +4 more
doaj +1 more source
Modulation of plant autophagy during pathogen attack [PDF]
, 2017 In plants, the highly conserved catabolic process of autophagy has long been known as a means of maintaining cellular homeostasis and coping with abiotic stress conditions. Accumulating evidence has linked autophagy to immunity against invading pathogens,
Bozkurt, Tolga O. +9 more
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Combination immunotherapy with anti-PD-L1 antibody and depletion of regulatory T cells during acute viral infections results in improved virus control but lethal immunopathology [PDF]
, 2020 Combination immunotherapy (CIT) is currently applied as a treatment for different cancers and is proposed as a cure strategy for chronic viral infections. Whether such therapies are efficient during an acute infection remains elusive.
Akhmetzyanova, Ilseyar [u.v.m.] +9 more
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mBio, 2016 Virus binding to the cell surface triggers an array of host responses, including activation of specific signaling pathways that facilitate steps in virus entry.
Samantha D. O’Hara, Robert L. Garcea
doaj +1 more source
Influenza A Virus Hemagglutinin–Neuraminidase–Receptor Balance: Preserving Virus Motility [PDF]
Trends in Microbiology, 2020 Influenza A viruses (IAVs) occasionally cross the species barrier and adapt to novel host species. This requires readjustment of the functional balance of the sialic acid receptor-binding hemagglutinin (HA) and the receptor-destroying neuraminidase (NA) to the sialoglycan-receptor repertoire of the new host.
de Vries, Erik +3 more
openaire +4 more sources
The Roles of Coinhibitory Receptors in Pathogenesis of Human Retroviral Infections
Frontiers in Immunology, 2018 Costimulatory and coinhibitory receptors play a key role in regulating immune responses to infection and cancer. Coinhibitory receptors include programmed cell death 1 (PD-1), cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4), and T cell ...
Keiko Yasuma-Mitobe +2 more
doaj +1 more source
Preferential association of hepatitis C virus with CD19+ B cells is mediated by complement system [PDF]
, 2016 Extrahepatic disease manifestations are common in chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. The mechanism of HCV-related lymphoproliferative disorders is not fully understood.
Alter, Harvey J. +7 more
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Essential roles for soluble virion-associated heparan sulfonated proteoglycans and growth factors in human papillomavirus infections. [PDF]
PLoS Pathogens, 2012 A subset of human papillomavirus (HPV) infections is causally related to the development of human epithelial tumors and cancers. Like a number of pathogens, HPV entry into target cells is initiated by first binding to heparan sulfonated proteoglycan ...
Zurab Surviladze +2 more
doaj +1 more source