Results 71 to 80 of about 6,288,081 (333)
Gut microbiome and aging—A dynamic interplay of microbes, metabolites, and the immune system
FEBS Letters, EarlyView.Age‐dependent shifts in microbial communities engender shifts in microbial metabolite profiles. These in turn drive shifts in barrier surface permeability of the gut and brain and induce immune activation. When paired with preexisting age‐related chronic inflammation this increases the risk of neuroinflammation and neurodegenerative diseases.
Aaron Mehl, Eran Blacher
wiley +1 more source
Threat rapidly discrupts Reward Reversal Learning
Behaviour Research and Therapy, 2019 Threat changes cognition to facilitate adaptive coping. However, when threat becomes overwhelming, this may be deleterious for mental health especially in vulnerable individuals. Flexible decision-making was probed with a reward reversal task to investigate, how well healthy participants (N=34) can adapt to changes in reward contingency when they ...
Christian Paret, Florian Bublatzky
openaire +4 more sources
Molecular Oncology, EarlyView.Development of therapies targeting cancer‐associated fibroblasts (CAFs) necessitates preclinical model systems that faithfully represent CAF–tumor biology. We established an in vitro coculture system of patient‐derived pancreatic CAFs and tumor cell lines and demonstrated its recapitulation of primary CAF–tumor biology with single‐cell transcriptomics ...
Elysia Saputra +10 more
wiley +1 more source
Molecular Oncology, EarlyView.Etoposide induces DNA damage, activating p53‐dependent apoptosis via caspase‐3/7, which cleaves PARP1. Dammarenediol II enhances this apoptotic pathway by suppressing O‐GlcNAc transferase activity, further decreasing O‐GlcNAcylation. The reduction in O‐GlcNAc levels boosts p53‐driven apoptosis and influences the Akt/GSK3β/mTOR signaling pathway ...
Jaehoon Lee +8 more
wiley +1 more source
Antidepressant suppression of REM and spindle sleep impairs hippocampus-dependent learning and memory but fosters striatal-dependent strategies [PDF]
, 2011 REM sleep enhances hippocampus-dependent associative memory but has little impact on striatal-dependent procedural learning. Antidepressant medications like desipramine (DMI) inhibit rapid-eye-movement (REM) sleep but it is little understood how ...
Alain Watts +3 more
core +1 more source
The influence of orthography on phonemic knowledge: An experimental investigation on German and Persian [PDF]
, 2019 This study investigated whether the phonological representation of a word is modulated by its orthographic representation in case of a mismatch between the two representations.
Indefrey, P. +2 more
core +1 more source
Psychopharmacology, 2019 Dopamine D2-like receptors (D2R) are important drug targets in schizophrenia and Parkinson’s disease, but D2R ligands also cause cognitive inflexibility such as poor reversal learning. The specific role of D2R in reversal learning remains unclear.
J. Alsiö +11 more
semanticscholar +1 more source
Molecular Oncology, EarlyView.Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A1 (ALDH1A1) is a cancer stem cell marker in several malignancies. We established a novel epithelial cell line from rectal adenocarcinoma with unique overexpression of this enzyme. Genetic attenuation of ALDH1A1 led to increased invasive capacity and metastatic potential, the inhibition of proliferation activity, and ultimately ...
Martina Poturnajova +25 more
wiley +1 more source
An associative account of collective learning
Royal Society Open ScienceAssociative learning is an important adaptive mechanism that is well conserved among a broad range of species. Although it is typically studied in isolated animals, associative learning can occur in the presence of conspecifics in nature.
Matthew Gildea +3 more
doaj +1 more source
Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience, 2015 In reversal learning, subjects first learn to respond to a reinforced stimulus A and not to a non-reinforced stimulus B (A+ vs. B-) and then have to learn the opposite when stimulus contingencies are reversed (A- vs. B+).
Constance eBoitard +3 more
doaj +1 more source