Results 221 to 230 of about 16,795 (248)
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Structure and function of ribbon synapses
Trends in Neurosciences, 2005Sensory neurons with short conduction distances can use nonregenerative, graded potentials to modulate transmitter release continuously. This mechanism can transmit information at much higher rates than spiking. Graded signaling requires a synapse to sustain high rates of exocytosis for relatively long periods, and this capacity is the special virtue ...
Peter, Sterling, Gary, Matthews
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Plasticity of retinal ribbon synapses
Microscopy Research and Technique, 1996Ribbon synapses differ from conventional chemical synapses in that they contain, within the cloud of synaptic vesicles (SV's), a specialized synaptic body, most often termed synaptic ribbon (SR). This body assumes various forms. Reconstructions reveal that what appear as rod- or ribbon-like profiles in sections are in fact rectangular or horseshoe ...
L, Vollrath, I, Spiwoks-Becker
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Nature Neuroscience, 2008
A new study identifies pikachurin, a previously-unknown dystroglycan-binding protein that is critical for the apposition of photoreceptor and bipolar cell dendrites at the ribbon synapse. This work could explain some of the visual defects seen in several muscular dystrophies.
Jakob S Satz, Kevin P Campbell
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A new study identifies pikachurin, a previously-unknown dystroglycan-binding protein that is critical for the apposition of photoreceptor and bipolar cell dendrites at the ribbon synapse. This work could explain some of the visual defects seen in several muscular dystrophies.
Jakob S Satz, Kevin P Campbell
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Spikes and ribbon synapses in early vision
Trends in Neurosciences, 2013Image processing begins in the retina, where neurons respond with graded voltage changes that must be converted into spikes. This conversion from 'analog' to 'digital' coding is a fundamental transformation carried out by the visual system, but the mechanisms are still not well understood.
Tom, Baden +3 more
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Ribbon Synapses and Visual Processing in the Retina
Annual Review of Vision Science, 2015The first synapses transmitting visual information contain an unusual organelle, the ribbon, which is involved in the transport and priming of vesicles to be released at the active zone. The ribbon is one of many design features that allow efficient refilling of the active zone, which in turn enables graded changes in membrane potential to be ...
Leon, Lagnado, Frank, Schmitz
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Transmission at rod and cone ribbon synapses in the retina
Pflügers Archiv - European Journal of Physiology, 2021Light-evoked voltage responses of rod and cone photoreceptor cells in the vertebrate retina must be converted to a train of synaptic vesicle release events for transmission to downstream neurons. This review discusses the processes, proteins, and structures that shape this critical early step in vision, focusing on studies from salamander retina with ...
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Transmitter release at the hair cell ribbon synapse
Nature Neuroscience, 2002Neurotransmitters are released continuously at ribbon synapses in the retina and cochlea. Notably, a single ribbon synapse of inner hair cells provides the entire input to each cochlear afferent fiber. We investigated hair cell transmitter release in the postnatal rat cochlea by recording excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs) from afferent boutons ...
Elisabeth Glowatzki, Paul Albert Fuchs
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Coordinated multivesicular release at a mammalian ribbon synapse
Nature Neuroscience, 2004Traditional models of synaptic transmission hold that release sites within an active zone operate independently. Although the release of multiple vesicles (multivesicular release; MVR) from single active zones occurs at some central synapses, MVR is not thought to require coordination among release sites. Ribbon synapses seem to be optimized to release
Joshua H, Singer +3 more
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The Complexins of ribbon synapses and conventional chemical synapses in the mouse retina
2023The mammalian retina represents a complex functional network in which many neuronal cell classes communicate with each other via chemical synapses. To ensure precise information transfer, neurotransmitter release at chemical synapses requires exquisite fine-tuning of the molecular machinery for synaptic vesicle (SV) exocytosis.
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Structure and Development of the Photoreceptor Ribbon Synapse
2014Photoreceptor cells are sensory neurons and does not possess dendrites, whereas photoreceptor axonal terminals develop a specialized synaptic structure called ribbon synapses that contains electro-dense horseshoe-like ribbons. Photoreceptor ribbon synapses have connections with dendritic terminals of bipolar cells and tips of horizontal cell processes,
Yoshihiro Omori, Takahisa Furukawa
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