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Connexins in the Sinoatrial and Atrioventricular Nodes
2006The sinoatrial node (SAN) and the atrioventricular node (AVN) are specialized tissues in the heart: the SAN is specialized for pacemaking (it is the pacemaker of the heart), whereas the AVN is specialized for slow conduction of the action potential (to introduce a delay between atrial and ventricular activation during the cardiac cycle).
Boyett, M. R. +12 more
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The surgical anatomy of the sinoatrial node
Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy, 1991The sinoatrial nodes (SAN) were observed, dissected, and measured on 95 adults and 30 child hearts under a dissection microscope. The majority of the SANs in adults are characterized by their pale color, firm consistency, and the location in relation to the penetration of the SAN artery, and they can be located in the superior part of the terminal ...
B M, He, Y X, Tan, M, Cheng, Y Q, Cui
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Molecular Pathway for the Localized Formation of the Sinoatrial Node [PDF]
Circulation Research, 2007 The sinoatrial node, which resides at the junction of the right atrium and the superior caval vein, contains specialized myocardial cells that initiate the heart beat. Despite this fundamental role in heart function, the embryonic origin and mechanisms of localized formation of the sinoatrial node have not been defined.
Mathilda T M Mommersteeg +2 more
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Reconstruction of the human sinoatrial node
The Anatomical Record, 1967AbstractThe superior vena cava and adjacent right atrium containing the sinoatrial node in each of five human hearts was studied histologically in serial section. The tissue block of a 41 year old man was reconstructed in four colors to provide a three‐dimensional model of the sinoatrial node, atrial relations, blood supply and nodal configuration. The
R C, Truex, M Q, Smythe, M J, Taylor
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Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy, 1988
The sinoatrial node (SAN) was discovered in 1906 by Keith and Flack. The relation between its ultrastructure and function was first studied by Trautwein and Uchizono in 1963, whereas this relation was definitely established by Taylor and coworkers in 1978. The impulse originates from cells with a relatively low percentage of myofilaments.
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The sinoatrial node (SAN) was discovered in 1906 by Keith and Flack. The relation between its ultrastructure and function was first studied by Trautwein and Uchizono in 1963, whereas this relation was definitely established by Taylor and coworkers in 1978. The impulse originates from cells with a relatively low percentage of myofilaments.
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Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology, 1985
The primary pacemaker, i.e. the group of pacemaker cells discharging the sinoatrial node comprises less than 1000 cells in the guinea-pig and about 5000 cells in the rabbit. These primary pacemaker cells are described as 'central nodal' cells in light microscopy and as 'typical nodal' cells in electron microscopy.
T, Opthof +6 more
exaly +3 more sources
The primary pacemaker, i.e. the group of pacemaker cells discharging the sinoatrial node comprises less than 1000 cells in the guinea-pig and about 5000 cells in the rabbit. These primary pacemaker cells are described as 'central nodal' cells in light microscopy and as 'typical nodal' cells in electron microscopy.
T, Opthof +6 more
exaly +3 more sources
STRUCTURE-FUNCTION RELATIONSHIPS OF THE SINOATRIAL NODE
International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos, 2003The sinoatrial node, the pacemaker of the heart, is a structurally and functionally complex and heterogeneous structure. Histology, immunohistochemistry, electrophysiology and mathematical modeling of the sinoatrial node are reviewed to reveal the structure-function relationships of the sinoatrial node. It is argued that contact between the sinoatrial
Halina Dobrzynski +4 more
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Functional morphology of the pig sinoatrial node
Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology, 1987The porcine sinoatrial node in an isolated right atrium preparation is characterized by unifocal impulse generation. It has a rather elongated shape and the larger part of its volume is taken up by collagen and fibroblasts. The impulse appears to emerge from a site where the percentage of myofilaments is relatively low. The impulse is propagated faster
T, Opthof +3 more
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Parasympathetic postganglionic pathways to the sinoatrial node
American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology, 1990Vagal ganglia that innervate the canine sinoatrial node (SAN) have been localized to a fat pad overlying and surrounding the right pulmonary vein complex (PVFP). The ventral epicardial surface of the right atrium was mapped in seven dogs anesthetized with alpha-chloralose after beta-blockade (timolol) and cardiac sympathetic and parasympathetic ...
K M, Bluemel +4 more
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The Development of the Sinoatrial Node
1978In contrast to the many investigations devoted to the morphological development of the atrioventricular specialized tissues (see James, 1970; Anderson and Taylor, 1972 for review) few researchers have studied the development of the sinoatrial node. Amongst the reports existing on this subject, descriptions of the initial histological differentiation of
Robert H. Anderson +3 more
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