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Durability of the sun protection factor provided by dihydroxyacetone
Photodermatology, Photoimmunology & Photomedicine, 2004Background/Purpose: The sunless tanning agent dihydroxyacetone (DHA) is known to protect against longwave ultraviolet radiation (UVA) and visible light. Recently, our laboratory has shown that DHA in addition offers a modest sun protection factor (SPF) in humans. We conducted this study in order to investigate the durability of the SPF provided by DHA.
A, Faurschou, H C, Wulf
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The Garment Protection Factor: further advances in labelling sun-protective clothing
British Journal of Dermatology, 2018Abstract Linked Article: Downs and Harrison. Br J Dermatol 2018; 178:958–964.
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Validation of an in vitro sun protection factor (SPF) method in blinded ring‐testing
International Journal of Cosmetic Science, 2018The objective of this work was to investigate the utility of a new in vitro SPF test method in blinded ring‐testing, against new ISO acceptance criteria.
M. Pissavini +11 more
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Elastic liposomes containing benzophenone-3 for sun protection factor enhancement
Pharmaceutical Development and Technology, 2011This work was focused on the loading of benzophenone-3 in elastic liposomes composed of egg phosphatidylcholine and cholesterol, prepared by the Bangham method. Samples were characterized in terms of particle size, polydispersity index (PI), zeta potential, encapsulation efficiency and in vitro photoprotection properties.
Patrícia, Severino +4 more
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Up Date on Sun Protection Factor
2012The sun protection factor (SPF) refers to the level of protection of a sunscreen against UV rays and is expressed, according to the COLIPA recommendation as a numerical value, and in terms of low, medium, high, and very high protection as well. For the determination of SPF exist methods in vivo (on volunteers) and in vitro (laboratory tests on ...
CENTINI, MARISANNA +5 more
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Choosing an expected sun protection factor value.
Journal of cosmetic science, 2015Sun protection factor, SPF, is a measure of the efficacy of a topical sunscreen product; the higher the SPF, the greater the blockage of ultraviolet-induced erythema. While there are several methods to determine SPF, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) methods are unique.
John R, Sica, Michael, Caswell
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Clothing reduces the sun protection factor of sunscreens.
The British journal of dermatology, 2010Individuals are recommended to wait for 20 min following sunscreen application before dressing. However, this is probably seldom done in daily life, and therefore we investigated how dressing earlier than 20 min after application affected the sun protection factor (SPF).To determine the SPF of a sunscreen applied at different amounts at 4, 8 and 20 min
Beyer, Ditte Maria +3 more
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Product application technique alters the sun protection factor.
Photodermatology, photoimmunology & photomedicine, 1992A number of factors may alter the efficacy of a sunscreen product being tested. Notably among these are (1) the source of ultraviolet (UV) radiation, (2) the filtration of the UV radiation source, (3) such environmental factors as swimming or sweating (4) and/or the amount of product applied.
R M, Sayre, J, Powell, L A, Rheins
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Integrative oncology: Addressing the global challenges of cancer prevention and treatment
Ca-A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, 2022Jun J Mao,, Msce +2 more
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