Sporadic phage defense in epidemic Vibrio cholerae mediated by the toxin-antitoxin system DarTG is countered by a phage-encoded antitoxin mimic. [PDF]
mBioPatel KM, Seed KD.
europepmc +1 more source
A type II toxin-antitoxin system is responsible for the cell death at low temperature in Pseudomonas syringae Lz4W lacking RNase R. [PDF]
J Biol ChemMittal P +5 more
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Discovery of Antimicrobial Agents Based on Structural and Functional Study of the Klebsiella pneumoniae MazEF Toxin-Antitoxin System. [PDF]
Antibiotics (Basel)Jin C, Kang SM, Kim DH, Lee Y, Lee BJ.
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PemK's Arg24 is a crucial residue for PemIK toxin-antitoxin system to induce the persistence of Weissella cibaria against ciprofloxacin stress. [PDF]
Front MicrobiolZhu HY +4 more
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Toxin-antitoxin RNA pairs safeguard CRISPR-Cas systems
Science, 2021Small RNAs guard CRISPR-Cas The microbial adaptive immunity system CRISPR-Cas benefits microbes by warding off genetic invaders, but it also inflicts a fitness cost because of occasional autoimmune reactions, rendering CRISPR loci evolutionarily unstable.
Ming Li, Luyao Gong, Feiyue Cheng
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Ribonucleases in bacterial toxin–antitoxin systems
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Gene Regulatory Mechanisms, 2013Toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems are widespread in bacteria and archaea and play important roles in a diverse range of cellular activities. TA systems have been broadly classified into 5 types and the targets of the toxins are diverse, but the most frequently used cellular target is mRNA.
Cook, Gregory M. +6 more
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Chromosomal bacterial type II toxin–antitoxin systems
Canadian Journal of Microbiology, 2012Most prokaryotic chromosomes contain a number of toxin–antitoxin (TA) modules consisting of a pair of genes that encode 2 components, a stable toxin and its cognate labile antitoxin. TA systems are also known as addiction modules, since the cells become “addicted” to the short-lived antitoxin product (the unstable antitoxin is degraded faster than the
Mohammad Adnan, Syed +1 more
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Evolutionary history of Caulobacter toxin–antitoxin systems
Current Microbiology, 2021Toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems have been studied in many bacterial genera, but a clear understanding of the evolutionary trajectory of TA operons has not emerged. To address this issue, I identified 42 distinct TA operons in three genomes that represent the three branches of the Caulobacter phylogenetic tree. The location of each operon was then examined
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Toxin-Antitoxin Systems: Implications for Plant Disease
Annual Review of Phytopathology, 2017Toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems are gene modules that are ubiquitous in free-living prokaryotes. Diverse in structure, cellular function, and fitness roles, TA systems are defined by the presence of a toxin gene that suppresses bacterial growth and a toxin-neutralizing antitoxin gene, usually encoded in a single operon.
T, Shidore, L R, Triplett
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