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Applications of toxin-antitoxin systems in synthetic biology [PDF]

Engineering Microbiology, 2023
Toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems are ubiquitous in bacteria and archaea. Most are composed of two neighboring genetic elements, a stable toxin capable of inhibiting crucial cellular processes, including replication, transcription, translation, cell division ...
Jianzhong Lin, Yunxue Guo, Jianyun Yao, Kaihao Tang, Xiaoxue Wang   +4 more
doaj   +4 more sources

Type II Toxin–Antitoxin Systems in Pseudomonas aeruginosa [PDF]

Toxins, 2023
Toxin–antitoxin (TA) systems are typically composed of a stable toxin and a labile antitoxin; the latter counteracts the toxicity of the former under suitable conditions.
Meng Li, Nannan Guo, Gaoyu Song, Yi Huang, Lecheng Wang, Yani Zhang, Tietao Wang   +6 more
doaj   +2 more sources

Toxin–Antitoxin Systems in Pathogenic Bacteria [PDF]

Toxins, 2021
Toxin–antitoxin (TA) systems, which are ubiquitously present in plasmids, bacterial and archaeal genomes, are classified as types I to VI, according to the nature of the antitoxin and to the mode of toxin inhibition [...]
Juan C. Alonso
doaj   +2 more sources

Bioinformatic exploration reveals features of tenpIN family of type III toxin-antitoxin systems in bacteria and viruses [PDF]

Scientific Reports
Toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems in bacteria consist of two genes: one encoding a toxin that inhibits essential cellular processes and the other encoding an antitoxin that neutralizes the toxin under homeostatic conditions.
Kavyashree Nadig, Sankaran Sandhya, Mahavir Singh   +2 more
doaj   +2 more sources

Bistability in type I toxin-antitoxin systems may lead to stress-induced persister formation [PDF]

npj Systems Biology and Applications
Antibiotic persistence, characterized by a dormant subpopulation of bacterial cells that causes chronic and recurrent infections, remains poorly understood despite being recognized nearly a century ago. Toxin–antitoxin (TA) systems, which include a toxin
Sofija Markovic, Magdalena Djordjevic, Hong-Yu OU, Marko Djordjevic   +3 more
doaj   +2 more sources

Mechanisms for Differential Protein Production in Toxin–Antitoxin Systems

Toxins, 2017
Toxin–antitoxin (TA) systems are key regulators of bacterial persistence, a multidrug-tolerant state found in bacterial species that is a major contributing factor to the growing human health crisis of antibiotic resistance. Type II TA systems consist of
Heather S. Deter, Roderick V. Jensen, William H. Mather, Nicholas C. Butzin   +3 more
doaj   +3 more sources

Structure, Evolution, and Functions of Bacterial Type III Toxin-Antitoxin Systems

Toxins, 2016
Toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems are small genetic modules that encode a toxin (that targets an essential cellular process) and an antitoxin that neutralises or suppresses the deleterious effect of the toxin.
Nathalie Goeders, Ray Chai, Bihe Chen, Andrew Day, George P. C. Salmond   +4 more
doaj   +3 more sources

Large-scale Purification of Type III Toxin-antitoxin Ribonucleoprotein Complex and its Components from Escherichia coli for Biophysical Studies

Bio-Protocol, 2023
Toxin–antitoxin (TA) systems are widespread bacterial immune systems that confer protection against various environmental stresses. TA systems have been classified into eight types (I–VIII) based on the nature and mechanism of action of the antitoxin ...
Parthasarathy Manikandan, Kavyashree Nadig, Mahavir Singh   +2 more
doaj   +1 more source

Insight into the environmental cues modulating the expression of bacterial toxin-antitoxin systems. [PDF]

FEMS Microbiol Rev
Ostyn E, Augagneur Y, Pinel-Marie ML.
europepmc   +2 more sources

Intracellular Localization of the Proteins Encoded by Some Type II Toxin-Antitoxin Systems in Escherichia coli

mBio, 2021
Bacterial toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems encode a toxin and an antitoxin that counteracts the toxin. Such TA systems are found abundantly on bacterial chromosomes and on extrachromosomal genetic elements. The toxin is always a protein.
Alexander Mager, Tommy Safran, Hanna Engelberg-Kulka   +2 more
doaj   +1 more source