Results 61 to 70 of about 36,147 (195)

A Panel of Circulating Exosomal sncRNAs Associated With Lung Cancer Risk up to 10 Years in Advance

Advanced Science, EarlyView.
Lung cancer is often diagnosed too late, and current screening overlooks many people at risk. In a long‐term study of smokers, a panel of small non‐coding RNAs carried in blood exosomes signals elevated lung cancer risk up to ten years before diagnosis, pointing toward a blood‐based tool for earlier risk detection.
Zhuokun Feng, Masaki Nasu, Ayman Abdul‐Ghani, Yu Chen, Shaoqiu Chen, Isam Mohd Ibrahim, Hanqiu Zhang, Lauren Higa, Zitong Gao, Hua Yang, Raphael Bueno, Loïc Le Marchand, Youping Deng   +12 more
wiley   +1 more source

AARS1‐Mediated RUNX3 K193 Lactylation Enhances the Activation and Cytotoxicity of CD8+T Cells in Smoking‐Related Emphysema

Advanced Science, EarlyView.
Exposure to CS causes an elevation of AARS1 levels, which increases the levels of RUNX3 lactylation at the K193 site and increases protein levels of RUNX3 through inhibition of autolysosomal degradation. Elevated RUNX3 levels promote CD8+T cell activation and augment their cytotoxicity, which induces alveolar epithelial cell death and facilitates the ...
Ying Zhu, Jiaheng Lin, Yifan Li, Qiaoqiao Zhou, Min Yu, Cheng Cheng, Kang Chang, Dang Lin, Tao Bian, Yan Wu, Lu Lu, Haibo Xia, Qizhan Liu   +12 more
wiley   +1 more source

A Novel tRNA Half mt‐5’‐tiRNA‐Tyr Promotes Colorectal Cancer Proliferation via Inducing HARS2 Succinylation

Advanced Science, EarlyView.
A mitochondria‐derived tRNA half, mt‐5’‐tiRNA‐Tyr, is upregulated in colorectal cancer tissues and plasma and promotes tumor proliferation. It binds HARS2 and promotes CPT1A‐associated HARS2 K91 succinylation, disrupts HARS2–mt‐tRNA‐His association, impairs mitochondrial translation, enhances succinate‐linked metabolic reprogramming, and shows promise ...
Xinliang Gu, Danping Zhu, Xinwei Liu, Shangshang Hu, Xincheng Yang, Junjie Nie, Tao Xu, Yuqin Pan, Mu Xu, Huiling Sun, Shukui Wang   +10 more
wiley   +1 more source

Regulation of plant gene expression by tsRNAs in response to abiotic stress [PDF]

PeerJ
Objective Transfer RNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs) are emerging regulators of gene expression in response to abiotic stress. This review aims to summarize recent advances in the classification, biogenesis, and biological functions of tsRNAs, with a focus
Chunmei Li, Jing Zhu, Han Jin, Haotian Feng, Haimin Zhuang, Zijun Du, Guolin Zhu, Haiyang He, Fuyang Ye, Zhaohui Mo, Qingtao Hu, Zhenbang Chen, Kai Liu, Xiaorong Wan   +13 more
doaj   +2 more sources

tRNA-derived small RNAs in pulmonary diseases: Regulatory functions and clinical prospects

Pharmacological Research
Transfer RNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs) are evolutionarily conserved regulatory molecules produced by stress-responsive endonucleases that cleave mature tRNAs or their precursors.
Ye Wang, Xiaoyu Song, Ge Ma, Xing Liu, Cong Gan, Apeng Chen, Man Tian, Xu Han   +7 more
doaj   +1 more source

The widespread occurrence of tRNA‐derived fragments in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

FEBS Open Bio, 2016
Short RNAs derived from the cleavage of tRNA molecules are observed in most organisms. Their occurrence seems to be induced by stress conditions, but still little is known about their biogenesis and functions.
Kamilla Bąkowska‐Żywicka, Anna M. Mleczko, Marta Kasprzyk, Piotr Machtel, Marek Żywicki, Tomasz Twardowski   +5 more
doaj   +1 more source

A tRNA-Derived Small RNA Regulates Ribosomal Protein S28 Protein Levels after Translation Initiation in Humans and Mice

Cell Reports, 2019
Summary: tRNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs) have been implicated in many cellular processes, yet the detailed mechanisms are not well defined. We previously found that the 3′ end of Leu-CAG tRNA-derived small RNA (LeuCAG3′tsRNA) regulates ribosome ...
Hak Kyun Kim, Jianpeng Xu, Kirk Chu, Hyesuk Park, Hagoon Jang, Pan Li, Paul N. Valdmanis, Qiangfeng Cliff Zhang, Mark A. Kay   +8 more
doaj   +1 more source

Characterization of Circulating Transfer RNA-Derived RNA Fragments in Cattle

Frontiers in Genetics, 2015
The objective was to characterize naturally occurring circulating transfer RNA-derived RNA Fragments (tRFs) in cattle. Serum from eight clinically normal adult dairy cows was collected, and small non-coding RNAs were extracted immediately after ...
Eduardo eCasas, Guohong eCai, John D. Neill   +2 more
doaj   +1 more source

Unravelling tRNA fragments in DENV pathogenesis: Insights from RNA sequencing

Scientific Reports
Small non-coding RNAs (sncRNAs) derived from tRNAs are known as tRNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs). These tsRNAs are further categorized into tRNA-derived fragments (tRFs) and tRNA halves (tiRNAs), which play significant roles in the various molecular ...
Deeksha Madhry, Kiran Kumari, Varsha Meena, Riya Roy, Bhupendra Verma   +4 more
doaj   +1 more source

Increased Plasma Microbial tDR‐1 in At‐Risk Individuals Is Associated With Decreased Conversion to Clinical Rheumatoid Arthritis and Reduces an In Vitro Macrophage Type 1 Interferon Response

Arthritis &Rheumatology, EarlyView.
Objective Microbial small RNAs can regulate human genes. Higher plasma concentrations of microbial transfer RNA (tRNA)‐derived RNA‐1 (tDR‐1) were previously associated with lower rheumatoid arthritis (RA) disease activity. This study examined whether tDR‐1 concentrations differ in anticyclic citrullinated peptide‐3 positive (CCP3+) at‐risk individuals (
Anastasiia Phothisane, Tulsi K. Joishy, Carolina Ramirez‐Becerra, Qiong Wu, Jennifer Seifert, Marie L. Feser, Jill M. Norris, M. Kristen Demoruelle, LauraKay Moss, Kevin D. Deane, V. Michael Holers, Michelle J. Ormseth   +11 more
wiley   +1 more source