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Ubiquitin modifications [PDF]

open access: yesCell Research, 2016
Protein ubiquitination is a dynamic multifaceted post-translational modification involved in nearly all aspects of eukaryotic biology. Once attached to a substrate, the 76-amino acid protein ubiquitin is subjected to further modifications, creating a multitude of distinct signals with distinct cellular outcomes, referred to as the 'ubiquitin code ...
Kirby N Swatek   +2 more
exaly   +3 more sources
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The measurement of ubiquitin and ubiquitinated proteins

Electrophoresis, 1999
Ubiquitination of key cellular proteins involved in signal transduction, gene transcription and cell-cycle regulation usually condemns those proteins to proteasomal or lysosomal degradation. Additionally, cycles of reversible ubiquitination regulate the function of certain proteins in a manner analogous to phosphorylation.
E G, Mimnaugh, P, Bonvini, L, Neckers
openaire   +2 more sources

THE UBIQUITIN SYSTEM

Annual Review of Biochemistry, 1998
The selective degradation of many short-lived proteins in eukaryotic cells is carried out by the ubiquitin system. In this pathway, proteins are targeted for degradation by covalent ligation to ubiquitin, a highly conserved small protein. Ubiquitin-mediated degradation of regulatory proteins plays important roles in the control of numerous processes ...
A Hershko, Aaron Ciechanover
exaly   +3 more sources

Ubiquitin and ubiquitin conjugates in human lens

Experimental Eye Research, 1992
Ubiquitin, an 8.5 kDa polypeptide found almost universally in plants and animals, is a normal component in the lens. The best documented function for ubiquitin involves its conjugation to proteins as a signal to initiate degradation. Conjugates for ubiquitin-dependent degradation tend to be of very high molecular mass and are rapidly degraded.
J, Jahngen-Hodge   +3 more
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The Ubiquitin Code

Annual Review of Biochemistry, 2012
The posttranslational modification with ubiquitin, a process referred to as ubiquitylation, controls almost every process in cells. Ubiquitin can be attached to substrate proteins as a single moiety or in the form of polymeric chains in which successive ubiquitin molecules are connected through specific isopeptide bonds.
David Komander, Michael Rape
exaly   +3 more sources

Activation of Ubiquitin and Ubiquitin-Like Proteins

2010
Attachment of ubiquitin and ubiquitin-like proteins to cellular targets represents a fundamental regulatory strategy within eukaryotes and exhibits remarkably pleiotropic effects on cell function. These posttranslational modifications share a common mechanism comprised of three steps: an activating enzyme to couple ATP hydrolysis to formation of a high-
Frederick C, Streich, Arthur L, Haas
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In Vitro Ubiquitination: Self-Ubiquitination, Chain Formation, and Substrate Ubiquitination Assays

2016
Ubiquitination of proteins in vitro has evolved as an indispensable tool for the functional analysis of this posttranslational modification. In vitro ubiquitination is particularly helpful to study conjugation mechanisms. The efficiency of the ubiquitination reaction depends in part on the quality of the enzymes utilized.
E. Maspero, S. Polo
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One Ubiquitin, Two Ubiquitin, Three Ubiquitin, Four

Science, 2007
The role of protein ubiquitination is well known in promoting regulated protein degradation. Mukhopadhyay and Riezman review what is known about the contribution of protein ubiquitination in other cellular pathways, including intracellular signaling, endocytosis, and protein sorting. D. Mukhopadhyay, H.
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Ubiquitin and the synapse

Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 2002
Post-translational modification by the attachment of ubiquitin seems to have a crucial role in regulating synaptic structure and function. By controlling the stability, activity and localization of target proteins, this versatile regulatory system can shape the pattern, activity and plasticity of synaptic connections.
Ashok N, Hegde, Aaron, DiAntonio
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The Ubiquitin Code in the Ubiquitin-Proteasome System and Autophagy

Trends in Biochemical Sciences, 2017
The conjugation of the 76 amino acid protein ubiquitin to other proteins can alter the metabolic stability or non-proteolytic functions of the substrate. Once attached to a substrate (monoubiquitination), ubiquitin can itself be ubiquitinated on any of its seven lysine (Lys) residues or its N-terminal methionine (Met1).
Yong Tae Kwon, Aaron Ciechanover
exaly   +3 more sources

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