Results 31 to 40 of about 568,444 (262)
FEBS Letters, EarlyView.How do genomes gain new functional parts? In eukaryotes, which tend to evolve under weak selection, much of the genome is junk. Palazzo and Qiu borrow the logic of Markov chains to show how non‐functional DNA becomes functional through the appearance of intermediate states, which arise due to epistasis, buffering, and biochemical messiness, allowing ...
Alexander F. Palazzo, Yi Qiu
wiley +1 more source
X Chromosome of Female Cells Shows Dynamic Changes in Status during Human Somatic Cell Reprogramming
Stem Cell Reports, 2014 Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) acquire embryonic stem cell (ESC)-like epigenetic states, including the X chromosome. Previous studies reported that human iPSCs retain the inactive X chromosome of parental cells, or acquire two active X ...
Kun-Yong Kim +7 more
doaj +1 more source
Why does the X chromosome lag behind autosomes in GWAS findings?
PLoS Genetics, 2023 The X-chromosome is among the largest human chromosomes. It differs from autosomes by a number of important features including hemizygosity in males, an almost complete inactivation of one copy in females, and unique patterns of recombination.
Ivan P Gorlov, Christopher I Amos
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RNA‐related functions of BRCA2 in transcription, replication, and genome stability
FEBS Letters, EarlyView.Beyond its role in homologous recombination, BRCA2 regulates R‐loop homeostasis, DNA–RNA hybrid resolution, RNA polymerase II dynamics, and transcriptional activation. Disruption of any of these functions can contribute to genome instability, inflammatory signaling, and tumorigenesis. BRCA2 is a central tumor suppressor protein best known for its roles
Lucia Alvaro‐Aranda +2 more
wiley +1 more source
Rlim/Rnf12, Rex1, and X Chromosome Inactivation
Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, 2019 RLIM/Rnf12 is an E3 ubiquitin ligase that has originally been identified as a transcriptional cofactor associated with LIM domain transcription factors.
Feng Wang, Ingolf Bach
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FEBS Letters, EarlyView.Heterodimeric amino acid transporters consist of SLC7 and SLC3 family proteins arranged in a conserved structural organization. They regulate nutrient transport across cell membranes, supporting essential cellular functions. These transporters also contribute to xenobiotic/drug uptake and distribution.
Mariafrancesca Scalise +5 more
wiley +1 more source
Identification of candidate novel production variants on the Bos taurus chromosome X
Journal of Dairy Science, 2023 : Chromosome X is often excluded from bovine genetic studies due to complications caused by the sex specific nature of the chromosome. As chromosome X is the second largest cattle chromosome and makes up approximately 6% of the female genome, finding ...
H. Trebes +10 more
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DNA ligase LigE increases bacterial transformation with damaged extracellular DNA
FEBS Letters, EarlyView.The DNA ligase LigE from the naturally competent Gram‐negative bacterium Neisseria gonorrhoaea increases transformation with cut extracellular DNA. This process is ATP‐dependent and relies on the catalytic activity of LigE; it also requires that LigE contains an intact periplasmic localisation sequence, indicating that ligE functions in the periplasm ...
Jolyn Pan +4 more
wiley +1 more source
Tumour–host interactions in Drosophila: mechanisms in the tumour micro‐ and macroenvironment
Molecular Oncology, EarlyView.This review examines how tumour–host crosstalk takes place at multiple levels of biological organisation, from local cell competition and immune crosstalk to organism‐wide metabolic and physiological collapse. Here, we integrate findings from Drosophila melanogaster studies that reveal conserved mechanisms through which tumours hijack host systems to ...
José Teles‐Reis, Tor Erik Rusten
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Gazi Medical JournalPericentric inversions arise from double breaks on opposite arms of the chromosome, followed by 180° rotation and reintegration of the broken segment. Carriers of an inversion are mostly phenotypically healthy.
Emine Göktaş +3 more
doaj +1 more source