Results 281 to 290 of about 515,927 (320)

ADAR2-dependent A-to-I RNA editing in the extracellular linear and circular RNAs

Neuroscience Research, 2019
Currently, no reliable biomarkers of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) exist. In sporadic ALS, RNA editing at the glutamine/arginine site of GluA2 mRNA is specifically reduced in the motor neurons due to the downregulation of adenosine deaminase acting on RNA 2 (ADAR2).
T. Hosaka, T. Yamashita, S. Teramoto, N. Hirose, A. Tamaoka, S. Kwak   +5 more
semanticscholar   +4 more sources

A-to-I editing of protein coding and noncoding RNAs

Critical Reviews in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 2012
Adenosine deaminase acting on RNA (ADAR) catalyzes the hydrolytic deamination of adenosine to inosine in double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) substrates. Inosine pairs preferentially with cytidine, as opposed to uridine; therefore, ADAR editing alters the sequence and base pairing properties of both protein-coding and non-coding RNA.
Arka Mallela, Kazuko Nishikura
openaire   +3 more sources

A-to-I RNA Editing is Induced Upon Hypoxia

Shock, 2011
Regulating gene expression is part of a cell's response to hypoxia. A-to-I RNA editing is an epigenetic phenomenon that can contribute to RNA and protein levels and to isoform diversity. In this study, we identified alterations in the levels of RNA editing following hypoxic stress in three genes: MED13, STAT3, and F11R.
Ninette Amariglio, Yael Nevo-Caspi, Gideon Rechavi, Gideon Paret, Gideon Paret   +4 more
openaire   +3 more sources

Detection of A-to-I Hyper-edited RNA Sequences

2020
Following A-to-I editing of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) molecules, sequencing reactions interpret the edited inosine (I) as guanosine (G). For this reason, current methods to detect A-to-I editing sites work to align RNA sequences to their reference DNA sequence in order to reveal A-to-G mismatches.
Roni Cohen-Fultheim, Erez Y. Levanon
openaire   +3 more sources

Short-Chain Guide RNA for Site-Directed A-to-I RNA Editing

Nucleic Acid Therapeutics, 2021
Site-directed RNA editing is a promising genetic modification technology for therapeutic and pharmaceutical applications. We previously constructed adenosine deaminases acting on RNA (ADAR)-guiding RNAs (AD-gRNAs) that direct A-to-I RNA editing activity of native human ADAR2 into a programmable target site.
Kanako Nose, Masatora Fukuda, Yohei Tomita, Takashi Yano, Kota Hidaka   +4 more
openaire   +3 more sources

Identification of A-to-I RNA editing: Dotting the i’s in the human transcriptome

Biochemistry (Moscow), 2011
The phenomenon of adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) RNA editing has attracted considerable attention from the scientific community due to its potential relationship to the evolution of cognition in animals. While A-to-I editing exists in all organisms with neurons, including those with primitive neuronal systems (hydra and nematodes), it is particularly ...
A. Kiran, G. Loughran, J. J. O'Mahony, P. Baranov   +3 more
semanticscholar   +4 more sources

A-to-I RNA editing: The “ADAR” side of human cancer

Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology, 2012
Carcinogenesis is a complex, multi-stage process depending on both endogenous and exogenous factors. In the past years, DNA mutations provided important clues to the comprehension of the molecular pathways involved in numerous cancers. Recently, post-transcriptional modification events, such as RNA editing, are emerging as new players in several human ...
Galeano, Federica, Tomaselli, Sara, Locatelli, Franco, Gallo, Angela   +3 more
openaire   +3 more sources

RNA Editing inPhysarumMitochondria

2014
In vitro approaches have facilitated mechanistic studies designed to look at the timing, accuracy and efficiency of insertional editing of newly synthesized RNAs. Because different assays are required for these distinct RNA populations, the two approaches are discussed separately.
Linda M. Visomirski-Robic, Jonatha M. Gott   +1 more
openaire   +2 more sources

RNA A-to-I editing, environmental exposure, and human diseases

Critical Reviews in Toxicology, 2021
Epigenetic modifications have gained attention since they can be potentially changed with environmental stimuli and can be associated with adverse health outcomes. Epitranscriptome field has begun to attract attention with several aspects since RNA modifications have been linked with critical biological processes and implicated in diseases. Several RNA
openaire   +4 more sources

A-to-I RNA editing — immune protector and transcriptome diversifier

Nature Reviews Genetics, 2018
Modifications of RNA affect its function and stability. RNA editing is unique among these modifications because it not only alters the cellular fate of RNA molecules but also alters their sequence relative to the genome. The most common type of RNA editing is A-to-I editing by double-stranded RNA-specific adenosine deaminase (ADAR) enzymes.
Eli Eisenberg, Erez Y. Levanon
openaire   +3 more sources