Results 131 to 140 of about 4,471,539 (245)

Giants in the cold: Morphological evidence for vascular heat retention in the viscera but not the skeletal muscle of the basking shark (Cetorhinus maximus)

Journal of Fish Biology, EarlyView.
Abstract Fewer than 50 of the over 30,000 extant species of fishes have developed anatomical specializations facilitating endothermy in specific body regions. The plankton‐feeding basking shark (Cetorhinus maximus), traditionally classified as an ectotherm, was recently shown to have regionally endothermic traits such as centralized red muscle (RM ...
C. Antonia Klöcker, Axel Schlindwein, Martin C. Arostegui, Ingrid M. Bruvold, Joel V. Wernström, Montserrat Martin‐Armas, David W. Sims, Nicolas Straube, Andreas Altenburger, Claudia Junge   +9 more
wiley   +1 more source

Adipose tissue NAD+ biosynthesis is required for regulating adaptive thermogenesis and whole-body energy homeostasis in mice

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2019
Significance Thermogenesis is a fundamental aspect of energy homeostasis. Here, we present evidence that adipose tissue NAD+ metabolism is essential for thermogenesis. We found cold exposure activates NAD+ biosynthesis mediated by a rate-limiting enzyme,
Shintaro Yamaguchi, Michael P. Franczyk, M. Chondronikola, Nathan Qi, S. Gunawardana, Kelly L. Stromsdorfer, Lane C. Porter, D. F. Wozniak, Y. Sasaki, N. Rensing, M. Wong, D. Piston, S. Klein, Jun Yoshino   +13 more
semanticscholar   +1 more source

The renin–angiotensin system (RAS) in adaptive thermogenesis

The FASEB Journal, 2012
It has been reported that the inhibition of angiotensin converter enzyme (ACE) by captopril reduces body weight gain in rats. Recent studies have demonstrated that interscapular brown adipose tissue (iBAT) produces angiotensin II (ANG II), which facilitates sympathetic neurotransmission (SN).
Livia Soares Farah, Antonio Carlos Bianco, Miriam Oliveira Ribeiro   +2 more
openaire   +1 more source

Sympathetic inputs regulate adaptive thermogenesis in brown adipose tissue through cAMP-Salt inducible kinase axis [PDF]

, 2018
Various physiological stimuli, such as cold environment, diet, and hormones, trigger brown adipose tissue (BAT) to produce heat through sympathetic nervous system (SNS)- and β-adrenergic receptors (βARs).
Wang, Biao, Soucheray, Margaret, Krogan, Nevan J, Swaney, Danielle L, Chawla, Ajay, Paulo, Esther, Wu, Dongmei, Wang, Yangmeng, Wu, Yixuan, Jimenez-Morales, David, Zhang, Yun   +10 more
core   +1 more source

GLP‐1 Receptor Agonists and Weight Loss: A Critical Review of Mechanisms

Obesity Reviews, EarlyView.
ABSTRACT GLP‐1 receptor agonist medications have the potential to promote marked weight loss, but maximal and sustained benefit may be compromised by poor compliance and cessation of use. Development of next‐generation medications that address current obstacles to effective use and development of effective adjunct treatments will benefit from better ...
Giorgia Rutigliani, Tzu‐Wen L. Cross, Erica de Jong, Emily S. Glover, Ivan D. Mendoza, Mojisola Adisa, Keigo Tomoo, Xinyi Zhou, Richard D. Mattes   +8 more
wiley   +1 more source

Innovations in Obesity Treatment: Beyond Adipose Tissue Dysfunction

Obesity Reviews, EarlyView.
Obesity drives chronic inflammation, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, and cancer development through adipocyte dysfunction. Addressing this multisystemic disorder requires integrated strategies beyond diet and exercise, such as thermogenesis activation via menthol or capsinoids and appetite control through GLP‐1/GIP agonists and neuromodulation to ...
Jesica Martínez‐Godfrey, Irene Pomares‐Bri, Paula de Juan‐Maciá, Mariló Olivares‐Vicente, Enrique Barrajón‐Catalán, Vicente Micol, Enrique Roche, María Herranz‐López   +7 more
wiley   +1 more source

Perilipin regulates the thermogenic actions of norepinephrine in brown adipose tissue

Journal of Lipid Research, 2007
In response to cold, norepinephrine (NE)-induced triacylglycerol hydrolysis (lipolysis) in adipocytes of brown adipose tissue (BAT) provides fatty acid substrates to mitochondria for heat generation (adaptive thermogenesis).
Sandra C. Souza, Marcelo A. Christoffolete, Miriam O. Ribeiro, Hideaki Miyoshi, Katherine J. Strissel, Zlatina S. Stancheva, Nicole H. Rogers, Tara M. D'Eon, James W. Perfield, II, Hitomi Imachi, Martin S. Obin, Antonio C. Bianco, Andrew S. Greenberg   +12 more
doaj   +1 more source

Adaptive Induction of Nonshivering Thermogenesis in Muscle Rather Than Brown Fat Could Counteract Obesity.

Physiological Research
Warm-blooded animals such as birds and mammals are able to protect stable body temperature due to various thermogenic mechanisms. These processes can be facultative (occurring only under specific conditions, such as acute cold) and adaptive (adjusting ...
K. Bardova, P. Janovska, A. Vavrova, J. Kopecky, P. Zouhar   +4 more
semanticscholar   +1 more source

Microbiome and Metabolomics in Obesity: Advances in Understanding and Interventions Across the Lifespan

Obesity Reviews, EarlyView.
ABSTRACT Obesity arises from intertwined and reciprocal diet‐microbiome‐host pathways that reshape energy balance, insulin sensitivity, and inflammation. This review synthesizes mechanistic links between microbial functions and metabolic control, charts lifestyle‐related lifecourse dynamics from birth to older age, examines how GLP‐1‐based therapies ...
Ioanna Panagiota Kalafati, David Krongauz, Alice Bosco, Antonio Noto, Cristina Piras, Maria Kafyra, Angelica Dessì, Matteo Mauri, Luigi Atzori, Adina Weinberger, Vassilios Fanos, George V. Dedoussis, on behalf of the BETTER4U consortium   +12 more
wiley   +1 more source

Testing a proposed mathematical model of weight loss in women enrolled on a commercial weight-loss programme: the LighterLife study

Journal of Nutritional Science
Weight loss results in obligatory reductions in energy expenditure (EE) due to loss of metabolically active fat-free mass (FFM). This is accompanied by adaptive reductions (i.e.
Aoife M. Egan, John F. Rayman, Adam L. Collins   +2 more
doaj   +1 more source