Results 1 to 10 of about 5,211 (25)

Mathematical Modeling Insights into Improving CAR T cell Therapy for Solid Tumors: Antigen Heterogeneity and Bystander Effects [PDF]

npj Systems Biology and Applications, 10(1), 105 (2024), 2023
As an adoptive cellular therapy, Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cell (CAR T-cell) therapy has shown remarkable success in hematological malignancies, but only limited efficacy against solid tumors. Compared with blood cancers, solid tumors present a unique set of challenges that ultimately neutralize the function of CAR T-cells.
arxiv   +1 more source

The role of antigen-competitive dynamics in regulating the immune response [PDF]

Bulletin of Mathematical Biology, 83(5): 40 (2021), 2021
The clonal expansion of T cells during an infection is tightly regulated to ensure an appropriate immune response against invading pathogens. Although experiments have mapped the trajectory from expansion to contraction, the interplay between mechanisms that control this response are not fully understood.
arxiv   +1 more source

Regulation of T cell expansion by antigen presentation dynamics [PDF]

PNAS 2019, 116 (13) 5914-5919, 2018
An essential feature of the adaptive immune system is the proliferation of antigen-specific lymphocytes during an immune reaction to form a large pool of effector cells. This proliferation must be regulated to ensure an effective response to infection while avoiding immunopathology.
arxiv   +1 more source

Molecular tug of war reveals adaptive potential of an immune cell repertoire [PDF]

arXiv, 2022
The adaptive immune system constantly remodels its lymphocyte repertoire for better protection against future pathogens. Its ability to improve antigen recognition on the fly relies on somatic mutation and selective expansion of B lymphocytes expressing high-affinity antigen receptors.
arxiv  

Influence of telopeptides on the structural and physical properties of polymeric and monomeric acid-soluble type I collagen [PDF]

, 2017
Currently two factors hinder the use of collagen as building block of regenerative devices: the potential antigenicity, and limited mechanical strength in aqueous environment. Polymeric collagen is naturally found in the cross-linked state and is mechanically tougher than the monomeric, cross-link-free (acid-soluble) collagen ex vivo.
arxiv   +1 more source

The effects of symmetry on the dynamics of antigenic variation [PDF]

J. Math. Biol. 66, 115-137 (2013), 2012
In the studies of dynamics of pathogens and their interactions with a host immune system, an important role is played by the structure of antigenic variants associated with a pathogen. Using the example of a model of antigenic variation in malaria, we show how many of the observed dynamical regimes can be explained in terms of the symmetry of ...
arxiv   +1 more source

Identifying the genetic basis of antigenic change in influenza A(H1N1) [PDF]

PLoS Pathogens (2016) 12(4): e1005526, 2014
Determining phenotype from genetic data is a fundamental challenge. Influenza A viruses undergo rapid antigenic drift and identification of emerging antigenic variants is critical to the vaccine selection process. Using former seasonal influenza A(H1N1) viruses, hemagglutinin sequence and corresponding antigenic data were analyzed in combination with 3-
arxiv   +1 more source

Prediction, dynamics, and visualization of antigenic phenotypes of seasonal influenza viruses [PDF]

, 2015
Human seasonal influenza viruses evolve rapidly, enabling the virus population to evade immunity and re-infect previously infected individuals. Antigenic properties are largely determined by the surface glycoprotein hemagglutinin (HA) and amino acid substitutions at exposed epitope sites in HA mediate loss of recognition by antibodies.
arxiv   +1 more source

Computational model for tumor response to adoptive cell transfer therapy [PDF]

arXiv, 2022
One of the barriers to the development of effective adoptive cell transfer therapies (ACT), specifically for genetically engineered T-cell receptors (TCRs), and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cells, is target antigen heterogeneity. It is thought that intratumor heterogeneity is one of the leading determinants of therapeutic resistance and treatment ...
arxiv  

Sequence-Based Nanobody-Antigen Binding Prediction [PDF]

arXiv, 2023
Nanobodies (Nb) are monomeric heavy-chain fragments derived from heavy-chain only antibodies naturally found in Camelids and Sharks. Their considerably small size (~3-4 nm; 13 kDa) and favorable biophysical properties make them attractive targets for recombinant production.
arxiv