Dynamics-Based Regulatory Switches of Type II Antitoxins: Insights into New Antimicrobial Discovery
Antibiotics, 2023 Type II toxin-antitoxin (TA) modules are prevalent in prokaryotes and are involved in cell maintenance and survival under harsh environmental conditions, including nutrient deficiency, antibiotic treatment, and human immune responses. Typically, the type
Ki-Young Lee, Bong-Jin Lee
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Questionable Efficacy of Therapeutic Antibodies in the Treatment of Anthrax
mSphere, 2019 Inhalational anthrax caused by Bacillus anthracis, a spore-forming Gram-positive bacterium, is a highly lethal infection. Antibodies targeting the protective antigen (PA) binding component of the toxins have recently been authorized as an adjunct to ...
Jean-Nicolas Tournier +3 more
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Three dimensional structure of the MqsR:MqsA complex: a novel TA pair comprised of a toxin homologous to RelE and an antitoxin with unique properties. [PDF]
PLoS Pathogens, 2009 One mechanism by which bacteria survive environmental stress is through the formation of bacterial persisters, a sub-population of genetically identical quiescent cells that exhibit multidrug tolerance and are highly enriched in bacterial toxins ...
Breann L Brown +7 more
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The pharmaceuticalisation of security: molecular biomedicine, antiviral stockpiles, and global health security [PDF]
, 2014 Pharmaceuticals are now critical to the security of populations. Antivirals, antibiotics, next-generation vaccines, and antitoxins are just some of the new ‘medical countermeasures’ that governments are stockpiling in order to defend their populations ...
Elbe, Stefan
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mBio, 2022 Small alarmone hydrolases (SAHs) are alarmone metabolizing enzymes found in both metazoans and bacteria. In metazoans, the SAH homolog Mesh1 is reported to function in cofactor metabolism by hydrolyzing NADPH to NADH.
Danny K. Fung +7 more
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Identification of type II toxin-antitoxin modules in Burkholderia pseudomallei [PDF]
, 2014 © 2012 Federation of European Microbiological Societies. Published by Blackwell Publishing Ltd. All rights reservedThis is an open access article that is freely available in ORE or from the publisher's web site. Please cite the published version.Type II
Butt, Aaron Trevor +3 more
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Pharmacokinetics of Human Recombinant Anti-Botulinum Toxin Antibodies in Rats
Toxins, 2019 Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNT) are potential biothreat agents due to their high lethality, potency, and ease of distribution, thus the development of antitoxins is a high priority to the US government.
Yero Espinoza +9 more
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Transcriptional cross-activation between toxin-antitoxin systems of Escherichia coli [PDF]
, 2013 BACKGROUND: Bacterial toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems are formed by potent regulatory or suicide factors (toxins) and their short-lived inhibitors (antitoxins). Antitoxins are DNA-binding proteins and auto-repress transcription of TA operons.
Niilo Kaldalu +3 more
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Evolution of the SpoIISABC Toxin-Antitoxin-Antitoxin System in Bacilli
Toxins, 2016 Programmed cell death in bacteria is generally associated with two-component toxin-antitoxin systems. The SpoIISABC system, originally identified in Bacillus subtilis, consists of three components: a SpoIISA toxin and the SpoIISB and SpoIISC antitoxins ...
Marek Gabriško, Imrich Barák
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Toxin-Antitoxin Systems as Multilevel Interaction Systems
Toxins, 2014 Toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems are small genetic modules usually composed of a toxin and an antitoxin counteracting the activity of the toxic protein. These systems are widely spread in bacterial and archaeal genomes.
Nathalie Goeders, Laurence Van Melderen
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