Results 61 to 70 of about 462,755 (380)

Elevated intracellular cAMP exacerbates vulnerability to oxidative stress in optic nerve head astrocytes. [PDF]

, 2018
Glaucoma is characterized by a progressive loss of retinal ganglion cells and their axons, but the underlying biological basis for the accompanying neurodegeneration is not known.
Bu, Jung Hyun, Ellisman, Mark H, Jeong, Seung Won, Ju, Won-Kyu, Kim, Keun-Young, Nam, Hye Seung, Park, Tae Lim, Shim, Myoung Sup, Weinreb, Robert N   +8 more
core   +2 more sources

Induction of Survival of Motor Neuron (SMN) Protein Deficiency in Spinal Astrocytes by Small Interfering RNA as an In Vitro Model of Spinal Muscular Atrophy

Cells, 2022
Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a motor neuron disorder leading to progressive loss of ventral horn neurons resulting in muscle wasting. Here we investigate the contribution of spinal astrocytes to the pathogenesis of late-onset SMA forms using a mouse ...
Markus Leo, Linda-Isabell Schmitt, Michael Fleischer, Rebecca Steffen, Cora Osswald, Christoph Kleinschnitz, Tim Hagenacker   +6 more
doaj   +1 more source

The role of astrocytes in oxidative stress of central nervous system: A mixed blessing

Cell Proliferation, 2020
Central nervous system (CNS) maintains a high level of metabolism, which leads to the generation of large amounts of free radicals, and it is also one of the most vulnerable organs to oxidative stress.
Yaxing Chen, C. Qin, Jianhan Huang, Xin Tang, Chang Liu, Keru Huang, Jianguo Xu, G. Guo, A. Tong, Liangxue Zhou   +9 more
semanticscholar   +1 more source

Inhibition of STAT3 phosphorylation attenuates impairments in learning and memory in 5XFAD mice, an animal model of Alzheimer's disease

Journal of Pharmacological Sciences, 2020
The pathophysiological roles of astrocytes in the reactive state are thought to have important significance in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD).
Moonseok Choi, Hyunju Kim, Eun-Jeong Yang, Hye-Sun Kim   +3 more
doaj   +1 more source

Astrocyte morphology

Trends in Cell Biology
Astrocytes are predominant glial cells that tile the central nervous system (CNS). A cardinal feature of astrocytes is their complex and visually enchanting morphology, referred to as bushy, spongy, and star-like. A central precept of this review is that such complex morphological shapes evolved to allow astrocytes to contact and signal with diverse ...
Baldwin, Katherine T, Murai, Keith K, Khakh, Baljit S   +2 more
openaire   +4 more sources

A miniaturized bioreactor system for the evaluation of cell interaction with designed substrates in perfusion culture [PDF]

, 2012
In tissue engineering, the chemical and topographical cues within three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds are normally tested using static cell cultures but applied directly to tissue cultures in perfusion bioreactors.
Anderson, Britland, Casey, Chen, Clark, Csaderova, Curtis, Curtis, Flemming, Gadegaard, Gadegaard, Gailit, Hubbell, Jelinek, Korin, Lakatos, Link, Lu, Massia, Mirastschijski, Mosmann, Noble, Robert, Salem, Seunarine, Stevens, Sun, Sun, Sørensen, Terai, Wojciak-Stothard, Zong   +31 more
core   +2 more sources

Blocking microglial activation of reactive astrocytes is neuroprotective in models of Alzheimer’s disease

Acta Neuropathologica Communications, 2021
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common cause of age-related dementia. Increasing evidence suggests that neuroinflammation mediated by microglia and astrocytes contributes to disease progression and severity in AD and other neurodegenerative ...
Jong-sung Park, T. Kam, Saebom Lee, Hyejin Park, Yumin Oh, Seung-Hwan Kwon, Jae-Jin Song, Donghoon Kim, Hyunhee Kim, Aanishaa Jhaldiyal, D. Na, Kang-Choon Lee, Eun Ji Park, M. Pomper, O. Pletnikova, J. Troncoso, H. Ko, V. Dawson, T. Dawson, Seulki Lee   +19 more
semanticscholar   +1 more source

Adaptaquin is selectively toxic to glioma stem cells through disruption of iron and cholesterol metabolism

Molecular Oncology, EarlyView.
Adaptaquin selectively kills glioma stem cells while sparing differentiated brain cells. Transcriptomic and proteomic analyses show Adaptaquin disrupts iron and cholesterol homeostasis, with iron chelation amplifying cytotoxicity via cholesterol depletion, mitochondrial dysfunction, and elevated reactive oxygen species.
Adrien M. Vaquié, Davod R. Shah, Eliane E. S. Brechbühl, Michael McNicholas, Zhaoyang Xu, John H. Stockley, Laura Morcom, Diana Gold Diaz, Gemma C. Girdler, Rachel V. Seear, Gabriel Balmus, Rajiv R. Ratan, Harry Bulstrode, James A. Nathan, Manav Pathania, Kevin M. Brindle, David H. Rowitch   +16 more
wiley   +1 more source

Intracellular deposits of amyloid-beta influence the ability of human iPSC-derived astrocytes to support neuronal function

Journal of Neuroinflammation, 2023
Background Astrocytes are crucial for maintaining brain homeostasis and synaptic function, but are also tightly connected to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD).
Evangelos Konstantinidis, Benjamin Portal, Tobias Mothes, Chiara Beretta, Maria Lindskog, Anna Erlandsson   +5 more
doaj   +1 more source

Transfer of mitochondria from astrocytes to neurons after stroke

Nature, 2016
Neurons can release damaged mitochondria and transfer them to astrocytes for disposal and recycling. This ability to exchange mitochondria may represent a potential mode of cell-to-cell signalling in the central nervous system.
K. Hayakawa, E. Esposito, Xiaohua Wang, Y. Terasaki, Yi Liu, Changhong Xing, X. Ji, E. Lo   +7 more
semanticscholar   +1 more source