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Consciousness and the Axon Initial Segment
Integrative Psychological and Behavioral ScienceAccording to the QBIT theory, consciousness depends on the emergence of macroscopic coherence in a specific intracellular substrate which registers and processes sensory information. This occurs in a particular neuronal compartment called the axon initial segment which has unique properties not found in other neuronal segments.
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The axon initial segment and the maintenance of neuronal polarity
Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 2010Ion channel clustering at the axon initial segment (AIS) and nodes of Ranvier has been suggested to be a key evolutionary innovation that enabled the development of the complex vertebrate nervous system. This innovation epitomizes a signature feature of neurons, namely polarity.
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An axon with a myelinated initial segment in the bird auditory system
Brain Research, 1993In the bird auditory brainstem, nucleus laminaris neurons compute interaural time differences by comparing inputs from two ears. Laminaris neurons in barn owls have short dendrites and axons with myelinated initial segments. We examined laminaris cells in chickens with a range of dendritic lengths to determine if neurons with long dendrites had normal ...
C E, Carr, R E, Boudreau
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Brain Research, 1983
In Golgi and electron microscopic studies, dentate granule cell axon initial segments were revealed to be fasciculated in the granule cell layer and to receive many synapses. Combined Golgi-EM studies indicated that the presynaptic elements of these synapses might be beaded string-like axon collaterals of some type of basket cell.
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In Golgi and electron microscopic studies, dentate granule cell axon initial segments were revealed to be fasciculated in the granule cell layer and to receive many synapses. Combined Golgi-EM studies indicated that the presynaptic elements of these synapses might be beaded string-like axon collaterals of some type of basket cell.
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A constitutively-active IKK-complex at the axon initial segment
Brain Research, 2018Previous studies provided evidence for an accumulation of IκB-kinase (IKK) α/β at the axon initial segment (AIS), a neuronal compartment defined by ankyrin-G expression. Here we explored whether the presence of the IKK-complex at the AIS was associated with the activation of IKK signaling at this site.Proximity-ligation assays (PLAs) using pan-IKKα/β ...
Hans-Georg König +5 more
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Cilia function is associated with axon initial segment morphology
Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 2019Cilia, as key integrators of extracellular ligand-based signaling, play a critical role in signaling in the neuronal system. However, the function of cilia in neurons is largely unknown. In this study, we discovered that cilia morphology and ciliary protein localization were associated with axon initial segment (AIS) morphology, including length and ...
Bingjie Wang +3 more
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Action Potential Initiation in a Damaged Axon Initial Segment
2016We constructed a model for the initiation of the action potential (AP) in a damaged axon initial segment(AIS). We modelled the full axon including the AIS with a system of partial differential equations that we solved numerically. The damage was modelled on the AIS by having selected voltage-gated sodium channels affected by a coupled left-shift (CLS ...
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Sensory neurons have an axon initial segment that initiates spontaneous activity in neuropathic pain
Brain, 2022Ana Isabel Nascimento +2 more
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Remodeling of the Axon Initial Segment After Focal Cortical and White Matter Stroke
Stroke, 2013Matthew Rasband +2 more
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2016
Mustafa S Hamada +2 more
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Mustafa S Hamada +2 more
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