Results 21 to 30 of about 28,691 (244)
Endogenously expressed Ranbp2 is not at the axon initial segment [PDF]
Journal of Cell Science, 2021 ABSTRACT Ranbp2 (also known as Nup358) is a member of the nucleoporin family, which constitutes the nuclear pore complex. Ranbp2 localizes at the nuclear membrane and was recently reported at the axon initial segment (AIS). However, we show that the anti-Ranbp2 antibody used in previous studies is not specific for Ranbp2.
Yuki Ogawa, Matthew N. Rasband
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Signal Processing in the Axon Initial Segment [PDF]
Neuron, 2012 The axon initial segment (AIS) is a specialized membrane region in the axon of neurons where action potentials are initiated. Crucial to the function of the AIS is the presence of specific voltage-gated channels clustered at high densities, giving the AIS unique electrical properties. Here we review recent data on the physiology of the AIS.
Kole, Maarten, Stuart, Gregory J
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Building and maintaining the axon initial segment [PDF]
Current Opinion in Neurobiology, 2010 The axon initial segment is a unique neuronal subregion involved in the initiation of action potentials and in the control of axonal identity. Recent work has helped our understanding of how this specialised structure develops, not least in identifying possible mechanisms leading to the localisation of the AIS's master organiser protein, ankyrin-G. The
Grubb, Matthew S., Burrone, Juan
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Axon Initial Segment–Associated Microglia [PDF]
The Journal of Neuroscience, 2015 Microglia are the brain's resident immune cells and function as the main defense against pathogens or injury. However, in the absence of disease, microglia have other functions in the normal brain. For example, previous studies showed that microglia contribute to circuit refinement and synaptic plasticity in the developing and adult brain, respectively.
Kelli, Baalman +6 more
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The function of the axon initial segment in neuronal polarity
Developmental Biology, 2022 Neurons are highly polarized cells with extensive axonal and dendritic projections that send and receive signals over long distances. Neuronal polarity requires sorting and maintaining a unique set of proteins to the neuron's distinct axonal and somatodendritic domains.
Kelsie Eichel, Kang Shen
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Modeling tau transport in the axon initial segment [PDF]
Mathematical Biosciences, 2020 By assuming that tau protein can be in seven kinetic states, we developed a model of tau protein transport in the axon and in the axon initial segment (AIS). Two separate sets of kinetic constants were determined, one in the axon and the other in the AIS.
Ivan A. Kuznetsov, Andrey V. Kuznetsov
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Imaging of the Axon Initial Segment
Current Protocols in Neuroscience, 2019 AbstractThe axon initial segment (AIS) is the first 20‐ to 60‐μm segment of the axon proximal to the soma of a neuron. This highly specialized subcellular domain is the initiation site of the action potential and contains a high concentration of voltage‐gated ion channels held in place by a complex nexus of scaffolding and regulatory proteins that ...
Di Re, Jessica +4 more
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Neurons with Multiple Axons Have Functional Axon Initial Segments [PDF]
Neuroscience Bulletin, 2017 Neurons grow multiple axons after treatment with glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) inhibitors. However, whether they are electrically active is not known. Here, we examined the role of multiple axons as electrophysiological components during neuronal firing. Combining pharmacological, immunofluorescence, and electrophysiological methods, we found that
Yu, Guo +5 more
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Extracellular Tau Oligomers Damage the Axon Initial Segment. [PDF]
J Alzheimers Dis, 2023 Background: In Alzheimer’s disease (AD) brain, neuronal polarity and synaptic connectivity are compromised. A key structure for regulating polarity and functions of neurons is the axon initial segment (AIS), which segregates somatodendritic from axonal proteins and initiates action potentials. Toxic tau species,
Best MN +13 more
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The axonal cytoskeleton: from organization to function
Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience, 2015 The axon is the single long fiber that extends from the neuron and transmits electrical signals away from the cell body. The neuronal cytoskeleton, composed of microtubules, actin filaments and neurofilaments, is not only required for axon formation and ...
Josta eKevenaar, Casper eHoogenraad
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