Results 31 to 40 of about 29,685 (270)
THE AXON HILLOCK AND THE INITIAL SEGMENT [PDF]
The Journal of Cell Biology, 1968 Axon hillocks and initial segments have been recognized and studied in electron micrographs of a wide variety of neurons. In all multipolar neurons the fine structure of the initial segment has the same pattern, whether or not the axon is ensheathed in myelin. The internal structure of the initial segment is characterized by three special features: (a)
S L, Palay +3 more
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Electrogenic Tuning of the Axon Initial Segment [PDF]
The Neuroscientist, 2009 Action potentials (APs) provide the primary means of rapid information transfer in the nervous system. Where exactly these signals are initiated in neurons has been a basic question in neurobiology and the subject of extensive study. Converging lines of evidence indicate that APs are initiated in a discrete and highly specialized portion of the axon ...
Brian D, Clark +2 more
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Endogenously expressed Ranbp2 is not at the axon initial segment [PDF]
Journal of Cell Science, 2021 ABSTRACT Ranbp2 (also known as Nup358) is a member of the nucleoporin family, which constitutes the nuclear pore complex. Ranbp2 localizes at the nuclear membrane and was recently reported at the axon initial segment (AIS). However, we show that the anti-Ranbp2 antibody used in previous studies is not specific for Ranbp2.
Yuki Ogawa, Matthew N. Rasband
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Axon Initial Segment–Associated Microglia [PDF]
The Journal of Neuroscience, 2015 Microglia are the brain's resident immune cells and function as the main defense against pathogens or injury. However, in the absence of disease, microglia have other functions in the normal brain. For example, previous studies showed that microglia contribute to circuit refinement and synaptic plasticity in the developing and adult brain, respectively.
Kelli, Baalman +6 more
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The function of the axon initial segment in neuronal polarity
Developmental Biology, 2022 Neurons are highly polarized cells with extensive axonal and dendritic projections that send and receive signals over long distances. Neuronal polarity requires sorting and maintaining a unique set of proteins to the neuron's distinct axonal and somatodendritic domains.
Kelsie Eichel, Kang Shen
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Modeling tau transport in the axon initial segment [PDF]
Mathematical Biosciences, 2020 By assuming that tau protein can be in seven kinetic states, we developed a model of tau protein transport in the axon and in the axon initial segment (AIS). Two separate sets of kinetic constants were determined, one in the axon and the other in the AIS.
Ivan A. Kuznetsov, Andrey V. Kuznetsov
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Neurons with Multiple Axons Have Functional Axon Initial Segments [PDF]
Neuroscience Bulletin, 2017 Neurons grow multiple axons after treatment with glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) inhibitors. However, whether they are electrically active is not known. Here, we examined the role of multiple axons as electrophysiological components during neuronal firing. Combining pharmacological, immunofluorescence, and electrophysiological methods, we found that
Yu, Guo +5 more
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Extracellular Tau Oligomers Damage the Axon Initial Segment. [PDF]
J Alzheimers Dis, 2023 Background: In Alzheimer’s disease (AD) brain, neuronal polarity and synaptic connectivity are compromised. A key structure for regulating polarity and functions of neurons is the axon initial segment (AIS), which segregates somatodendritic from axonal proteins and initiates action potentials. Toxic tau species,
Best MN +13 more
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The axonal cytoskeleton: from organization to function
Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience, 2015 The axon is the single long fiber that extends from the neuron and transmits electrical signals away from the cell body. The neuronal cytoskeleton, composed of microtubules, actin filaments and neurofilaments, is not only required for axon formation and ...
Josta eKevenaar, Casper eHoogenraad
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Investigation on constitutive IKK activity in the axon initial segment
BMC Neuroscience, 2007 Poster presentation: The transcription factor NF-kappaB plays a central role in the development and maintenance of the central nervous system and its constitutive activation in neurons has been repeatedly reported.
König Hans-Georg +4 more
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