Results 31 to 40 of about 28,691 (244)
Structure and function of axo-axonic inhibition
eLife, 2021 Inhibitory neurons in mammalian cortex exhibit diverse physiological, morphological, molecular, and connectivity signatures. While considerable work has measured the average connectivity of several interneuron classes, there remains a fundamental lack of
Casey M Schneider-Mizell +39 more
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Theoretical relation between axon initial segment geometry and excitability
eLife, 2020 In most vertebrate neurons, action potentials are triggered at the distal end of the axon initial segment (AIS). Both position and length of the AIS vary across and within neuron types, with activity, development and pathology.
Sarah Goethals, Romain Brette
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FGF14 localization and organization of the axon initial segment [PDF]
Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, 2013 The axon initial segment (AIS) is highly enriched in the structural proteins ankyrin G and βIV-spectrin, the pore-forming (α) subunits of voltage-gated sodium (Nav) channels, and functional Nav channels, and is critical for the initiation of action potentials.
Maolei, Xiao +3 more
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Cell Reports, 2019 Summary: The axon initial segment (AIS) is a compartment that serves as a molecular barrier to achieve axon-dendrite differentiation. Distribution of specific proteins during early neuronal development has been proposed to be critical for AIS ...
Sotaro Ichinose +3 more
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The Axon Initial Segment: An Updated Viewpoint [PDF]
The Journal of Neuroscience, 2018 At the base of axons sits a unique compartment called the axon initial segment (AIS). The AIS generates and shapes the action potential before it is propagated along the axon. Neuronal excitability thus depends crucially on the AIS composition and position, and these adapt to developmental and physiological conditions.
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Axon initial segments: structure, function, and disease [PDF]
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 2018 AbstractThe axon initial segment (AIS) is located at the proximal axon and is the site of action potential initiation. This reflects the high density of ion channels found at the AIS. Adaptive changes to the location and length of the AIS can fine‐tune the excitability of neurons and modulate plasticity in response to activity.
Claire Yu‐Mei Huang +1 more
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Endocytosis in the axon initial segment maintains neuronal polarity. [PDF]
Nature, 2022 Abstract Neurons are highly polarized cells that face the fundamental challenge of compartmentalizing a vast and diverse repertoire of proteins in order to function properly1. The axon initial segment (AIS) is a specialized domain that separates a neuron’s morphologically, biochemically and functionally distinct axon and dendrite ...
Eichel K +12 more
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Axon initial segment dysfunction in epilepsy [PDF]
The Journal of Physiology, 2010 The axon initial segment (AIS) contains the site of action potential initiation and plays a major role in neuronal excitability. AIS function relies on high concentrations of different ion channels and complex regulatory mechanisms that orchestrate molecular microarchitecture.
Verena C. Wimmer +4 more
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Alzheimer’s Research & Therapy, 2017 Background Serotonin receptor 5-HT6 is involved in cognition and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) development. However, the mechanism of 5-HT6 in AD pathology is not clear.
Lili Hu, Bingjie Wang, Yan Zhang
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IκBα is not required for axon initial segment assembly [PDF]
Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, 2012 The inhibitor of NF-κB alpha (IκBα) protein is an important regulator of the transcription factor NF-κB. In neurons, IκBα has been shown to play a role in neurite outgrowth and cell survival. Recently, a phosphorylated form of IκBα (pIκBα Ser32/36) was reported to be highly enriched at the axon initial segment (AIS) and was proposed to function ...
Shelly A, Buffington +3 more
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