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Botulinum Toxin in Otorhinolaryngology
2014Through its anticholinergic effect, botulinum toxin is a suitable therapeutic option for dysfunctions of the muscular and the autonomic nervous system.Beside the classical indications like facial hyperkinesis (i.e. blepharospasm, hemifacial spasm), the treatment of complex dystonias (oromandibular dystonia, spasmodic dystonia, cervical dystonia ...
S, Rohrbach, R, Laskawi
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Neurologic Clinics, 1991
Botulinum toxin therapy has emerged as a treatment modality for a variety of spastic- or contracture-related muscle diseases. Its safety has been proven for long-term use in the treatment of benign essential blepharospasm, hemifacial spasm, and certain types of strabismus. Recent approval from the Federal Drug Administration should make botulinum toxin
P J, Savino, M, Maus
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Botulinum toxin therapy has emerged as a treatment modality for a variety of spastic- or contracture-related muscle diseases. Its safety has been proven for long-term use in the treatment of benign essential blepharospasm, hemifacial spasm, and certain types of strabismus. Recent approval from the Federal Drug Administration should make botulinum toxin
P J, Savino, M, Maus
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Botulinum Toxin in Ophthalmology
Survey of Ophthalmology, 2007Since its introduction into clinical medicine in 1980, botulinum toxin has become a major therapeutic drug with applications valuable to many medical sub-specialties. Its use was spearheaded in ophthalmology where its potential applications have expanded to cover a broad range of visually related disorders.
Jonathan J, Dutton, Amy M, Fowler
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Innovation in Botulinum Toxins
Dermatologic ClinicsThis study aims to analyze and discuss recent trials of high-dose and liquid toxins for treating moderate to severe glabellar lines. A comprehensive review of clinical studies and patient outcomes data was conducted to assess the effectiveness and safety profiles of high-dose and liquid toxins.
Reema, Rashied, Michael H, Gold
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Seminars in Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery, 2006
Botulinum toxin for facial enhancement is currently the most popular aesthetic procedure performed in the United States. New developments have occurred within the last few years. Patients prefer having multiple areas of the upper face treated which increases patient satisfaction.
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Botulinum toxin for facial enhancement is currently the most popular aesthetic procedure performed in the United States. New developments have occurred within the last few years. Patients prefer having multiple areas of the upper face treated which increases patient satisfaction.
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International Journal of Food Microbiology, 1990
Abstract Structure, activation, destruction, lethality, genesis, neurotoxic action and medical application of botulinal toxins are reviewed.
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Abstract Structure, activation, destruction, lethality, genesis, neurotoxic action and medical application of botulinal toxins are reviewed.
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