Indian Journal of Dermatology, 2010 Botulinum toxin, one of the most poisonous biological substances known, is a neurotoxin produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum. C. botulinum elaborates eight antigenically distinguishable exotoxins (A, B, C(1), C(2), D, E, F and G). All serotypes interfere with neural transmission by blocking the release of acetylcholine, the principal ...
Nigam P, Nigam Anjana
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Patient-Reported Side Effects of Intradetrusor Botulinum Toxin Type A for Idiopathic Overactive Bladder Syndrome [PDF]
, 2010 Objective: The aim of the study was a prospective assessment of patient-reported side effects in an open-label study after intradetrusor botulinum toxin injections for idiopathic overactive bladder (OAB). Patients and Methods: Botulinum toxin A injection
Mayer, Margit E. +15 more
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The clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment of cognitive impairments in Parkinson's disease
Неврология, нейропсихиатрия, психосоматика, 2017 The review presents the data of recent studies dealing with cognitive impairments (CI) in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and gives their characteristics and epidemiology, the specific features of the pathogenesis and clinical manifestations, as ...
G. N. Akhmadeeva +3 more
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Release of vasopressin from isolated permeabilized neurosecretory nerve terminals is blocked by the light chain of botulinum A toxin [PDF]
, 1990 The intracellular action on exocytosis of botulinim A toxin and constituent chains was studied using permeabilized isolated nerve endings from the rat neural lobe. The release of the neuropeptide vasopressin was measured by radioimmunoassay.
Weller, U. +4 more
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Botulinum toxin-A for the treatment of overactive bladder: UK contributions [PDF]
, 2013 Background: Botulinum toxin-A (BoNT/A) is now established second-line management for refractory overactivebladder (OAB) and recognised in many incontinence guidelines and pathways.
Fowler, CJ +13 more
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Botulinum toxin a in the treatment of blepharospasm - A 10-year experience [PDF]
, 2005 To evaluate the long-term effect of botulinum toxin type A (BTX) in the treatment of blepharospasm, a retrospective analysis was conducted from the patients seen at the Movement Disorders Clinic of the Department of Neurology, Hospital das Clinicas ...
Goncalves, LR +7 more
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Botulinum Toxin Injection for the Treatment of Upper Esophageal Sphincter Dysfunction
Toxins, 2022 Dysphagia associated with upper esophageal sphincter (UES) dysfunction remarkably affects the quality of life of patients. UES injection of botulinum toxin is an effective treatment for dysphagia. In comparison with skeletal muscles of the limb and trunk,
Pengxu Wei
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Botulinum Toxin as Preventive Treatment for Migraine: A Randomized Double-Blind Study [PDF]
, 2009 Aim: To determine if botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) injections can reduce the frequency and severity of migraines. Methods: Patients (n = 127) were randomized to receive placebo or two doses of BoNT-A (Dysport (R)). The primary endpoint was reduction in
Toelle, Thomas +13 more
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The light chain but not the heavy chain of botulinum A toxin inhibits exocytosis from permeabilized adrenal chromaffin cells [PDF]
, 1989 The heavy and light chains of botulinum A toxin were separated by anion exchange chromatography. Their intracellular actions were studied using bovine adrenal chromaffin cells permeabilized with streptolysin O.
M. Gratzl +10 more
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Annals of Movement Disorders, 2020 Objective: The aim was to assess the opinion of the movement disorder society of India members regarding the uses of botulinum toxin in clinical practice.
Ashwin K Panda, Sanjay Pandey
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