Historical Perspectives and Guidelines for Botulinum Neurotoxin Subtype Nomenclature [PDF]
Toxins, 2017 Botulinum neurotoxins are diverse proteins. They are currently represented by at least seven serotypes and more than 40 subtypes. New clostridial strains that produce novel neurotoxin variants are being identified with increasing frequency, which ...
Michael W. Peck +24 more
doaj +7 more sources
Current status and future directions of botulinum neurotoxins for targeting pain processing. [PDF]
, 2015 Current evidence suggests that botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) A1 and B1, given locally into peripheral tissues such as skin, muscles, and joints, alter nociceptive processing otherwise initiated by inflammation or nerve injury in animal models and humans.
Pellett, Sabine +2 more
core +21 more sources
Release of vasopressin from isolated permeabilized neurosecretory nerve terminals is blocked by the light chain of botulinum A toxin [PDF]
, 1990 The intracellular action on exocytosis of botulinim A toxin and constituent chains was studied using permeabilized isolated nerve endings from the rat neural lobe. The release of the neuropeptide vasopressin was measured by radioimmunoassay.
Ahnert-Hilger, G. +4 more
core +6 more sources
The binding of botulinum neurotoxins to different peripheral neurons [PDF]
, 2017 Botulinum neurotoxins are the most potent toxins known. The double receptor binding modality represents one of the most significant properties of botulinum neurotoxins and largely accounts for their incredible potency and lethality.
Rossetto, O.
core +1 more source
Clostridial C3 Toxins Enter and Intoxicate Human Dendritic Cells
Toxins, 2020 C3 protein toxins produced by Clostridium (C.) botulinum and C. limosum are mono-ADP-ribosyltransferases, which specifically modify the GTPases Rho A/B/C in the cytosol of monocytic cells, thereby inhibiting Rho-mediated signal transduction in monocytes,
Maximilian Fellermann +12 more
doaj +1 more source
Cost minimization analysis of BoNT-As in the treatment of upper limb spasticity and cervical dystonia [PDF]
, 2016 Botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) injections are recommended for the management of upper limb spasticity (ULS) and cervical dystonia (CD). The main aim of this cost minimization analysis (CMA) was to compare the annual cost per patient for three BoNT-As ...
Bartolomei, Luigi +15 more
core +1 more source
Molecular Aspects of Secretory Granule Exocytosis by Neurons and Endocrine Cells [PDF]
, 1994 Neuronal communication and endocrine signaling are fundamental for integrating the function of tissues and cells in the body. Hormones released by endocrine cells are transported to the target cells through the circulation.
Ahnert-Hilger G. +28 more
core +1 more source
Неврология, нейропсихиатрия, психосоматика, 2022 Currently, eight natural serotypes of botulinum neurotoxin (BNT-A-G, -X) are known. The mechanism of action of all BNT serotypes is presynaptic blockade of SNARE transport proteins (Soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor [NSF] Attachment Protein ...
R. K. Shikhkerimov, E. V. Istomina
doaj +1 more source
Designed Azolopyridinium Salts Block Protective Antigen Pores In Vitro and Protect Cells from Anthrax Toxin [PDF]
, 2013 Background:Several intracellular acting bacterial protein toxins of the AB-type, which are known to enter cells by endocytosis, are shown to produce channels.
A Kronhardt +76 more
core +2 more sources
Pharmacotherapy of Spasticity in Children With Cerebral Palsy
Journal of the Formosan Medical Association, 2011 Spasticity is a common disability in children with cerebral palsy. Pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments, including physical therapy, occupational therapy, orthotics, rhizotomy, and orthopedic surgery, all play important roles in the ...
Chia-Ying Chung +2 more
doaj +1 more source