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Characterization of Hemagglutinin Negative Botulinum Progenitor Toxins
Botulism is a disease involving intoxication with botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs), toxic proteins produced by Clostridium botulinum and other clostridia. The 150 kDa neurotoxin is produced in conjunction with other proteins to form the botulinum progenitor
Suzanne R. Kalb +4 more
doaj +2 more sources
Frontal fibrosing alopecia development in two patients after botulinum toxin applications: relationship or coincidence? [PDF]
Frontal fibrous alopecia is a primary lymphocytic scarring alopecia that is difficult to control, with a perifollicular lichenoid infiltrate marking its histology.
Mariana Abdo de Almeida +2 more
doaj +1 more source
Introduction to <i>Toxins</i> Special Issue on Botulinum Toxins: New Uses in the Treatment of Diseases (2nd Edition). [PDF]
Clostridium botulinum strains produce seven antigenically distinct botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs), referred to as serotypes A–G, and a hybrid toxin called F/A [...
Luvisetto S.
europepmc +2 more sources
Use of botulinum toxin in hidradenitis suppurativa [PDF]
Introduction: Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is an inflamatory, chronic, recurrent, and debilitating condition. There is a lack of consensus about its treatment.
Elcilane Gomes Silva +2 more
doaj +1 more source
Immunogenicity of botulinum toxin [PDF]
Botulinum toxin treatment is the most common non-surgical cosmetic treatment. Although there are many available treatments using botulinum toxin, their effects are temporary and repeated injections are required. These frequent injections can trigger an immunological response. In addition, botulinum toxin acts as an antigen in the body; thus, its effect
Syeo Young Wee, Eun Soo Park
openaire +3 more sources
Botulinum toxins for the prevention of migraine in adults [PDF]
Clare Herd +2 more
exaly +2 more sources
The Structure and Classification of Botulinum Toxins
Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) are a family of bacterial protein toxins produced by various Clostridium species. They are traditionally classified into seven major serotypes (BoNT/A-G).
Stenmark, Pål, +2 more
core +2 more sources
Botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) represents a first-line treatment for spasticity, a common disabling consequence of many neurological diseases. Electrical stimulation of motor nerve endings has been reported to boost the effect of BoNT-A. To date, a wide
Alessandro Picelli +6 more
doaj +1 more source
Clostridium difficile and its toxins [PDF]
An investigation of Clostridium difficile has shown : 1. that the organism is resistant to cresols and phenolq and may be grown from material grossly contaminated with other organisms by culture in media containing these substances; strains ...
Hafiz, Saleem
core +7 more sources
Botulinum Neurotoxin Serotypes Detected by Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy
Botulinum neurotoxin is one of the deadliest biological toxins known to mankind and is able to cause the debilitating disease botulism. The rapid detection of the different serotypes of botulinum neurotoxin is essential for both diagnosis of botulism and
Alison C. Savage +3 more
doaj +1 more source

