Bacterial Toxins, Current Perspectives
Toxins, 2020 Toxins are the major pathogenicity factors produced by numerous bacteria involved in severe diseases in humans and animals. Certain pathogenic bacteria synthesize only one toxin which is responsible for all the symptoms and outcome of the disease.
Michel R. Popoff
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Diffusion of Botulinum Toxins [PDF]
Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements, 2012 Background: It is generally agreed that diffusion of botulinum toxin occurs, but the extent of the spread and its clinical importance are disputed.
Matthew A. Brodsky +2 more
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Mass Spectrometric Detection of Bacterial Protein Toxins and Their Enzymatic Activity
Toxins, 2015 Mass spectrometry has recently become a powerful technique for bacterial identification. Mass spectrometry approaches generally rely upon introduction of the bacteria into a matrix-assisted laser-desorption time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometer ...
Suzanne R. Kalb +2 more
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FDA Approvals and Consensus Guidelines for Botulinum Toxins in the Treatment of Dystonia. [PDF]
Toxins (Basel), 2020 In 2016, the American Academy of Neurology (AAN) published practice guidelines for botulinum toxin (BoNT) in the treatment of blepharospasm, cervical dystonia, adult spasticity, and headache. This article, focusing on dystonia, provides context for these
Spiegel LL, Ostrem JL, Bledsoe IO.
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Variability of Botulinum Toxins: Challenges and Opportunities for the Future. [PDF]
Toxins (Basel), 2018 Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) are the most potent known toxins, and are therefore classified as extremely harmful biological weapons. However, BoNTs are therapeutic drugs that are widely used and have an increasing number of applications.
Rasetti-Escargueil C +2 more
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Antibodies and Vaccines against Botulinum Toxins: Available Measures and Novel Approaches. [PDF]
Toxins (Basel), 2019 International audienceBotulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) is produced by the anaerobic, Gram-positive bacterium Clostridium botulinum. As one of the most poisonous toxins known and a potential bioterrosism agent, BoNT is characterized by a complex mode of action
Rasetti-Escargueil C, Popoff MR.
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The Structure and Classification of Botulinum Toxins
, 2021 Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) are a family of bacterial protein toxins produced by various Clostridium species. They are traditionally classified into seven major serotypes (BoNT/A-G).
Stenmark, Pål, +2 more
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Harnessing the Membrane Translocation Properties of AB Toxins for Therapeutic Applications [PDF]
, 2021 Over the last few decades, proteins and peptides have become increasingly more common as FDA-approved drugs, despite their inefficient delivery due to their inability to cross the plasma membrane.
Oksana A. Sergeeva +2 more
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Domperidone Inhibits Clostridium botulinum C2 Toxin and Bordetella pertussis Toxin [PDF]
, 2023 Bordetella pertussis toxin (PT) and Clostridium botulinum C2 toxin are ADP-ribosylating toxins causing severe diseases in humans and animals. They share a common translocation mechanism requiring the cellular chaperones Hsp90 and Hsp70, cyclophilins, and
Barth Holger +6 more
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Entering neurons: botulinum toxins and synaptic vesicle recycling. [PDF]
, 2006 Botulinum toxins are metalloproteases that act inside nerve terminals and block neurotransmitter release through their cleavage of components of the exocytosis machinery.
Matteoli M +5 more
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