Genetic Characterization of Avian Influenza A(H5N6) Virus Clade 2.3.4.4, Russia, 2018 [PDF]
Emerging Infectious Diseases, 2019 Timely identification of pandemic influenza threats depends on monitoring for highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses. We isolated highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N6) virus clade 2.3.4.4, genotype G1.1, in samples from a bird in southwest Russia.
Ivan M. Susloparov +9 more
doaj +5 more sources
Reassortment of Influenza A Viruses in Wild Birds in Alaska before H5 Clade 2.3.4.4 Outbreaks [PDF]
Emerging Infectious Diseases, 2017 Sampling of mallards in Alaska during September 2014–April 2015 identified low pathogenic avian influenza A virus (subtypes H5N2 and H1N1) that shared ancestry with highly pathogenic reassortant H5N2 and H5N1 viruses.
Nichola J. Hill +13 more
doaj +7 more sources
Reassortant Clade 2.3.4.4 of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A(H5N6) Virus, Taiwan, 2017 [PDF]
Emerging Infectious Diseases, 2018 A highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N6) virus of clade 2.3.4.4 was detected in a domestic duck found dead in Taiwan during February 2017. The endemic situation and continued evolution of various reassortant highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses ...
Li-Hsuan Chen +9 more
doaj +4 more sources
Host Innate Immune Response of Geese Infected with Clade 2.3.4.4 H5N6 Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Viruses [PDF]
Microorganisms, 2020 Since 2014, highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N6 viruses have circulated in waterfowls and caused human infections in China, posing significant threats to the poultry industry and the public health.
Siyu Wu +8 more
doaj +5 more sources
Characterization of a novel reassortant H5N6 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus clade 2.3.4.4 in Korea, 2017. [PDF]
Emerg Microbes Infect, 2018 Dear Editor,Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses of the H5 subtype remain a serious concern for both poultry and human health.
Lee EK +14 more
europepmc +7 more sources
Role of Backyard Flocks in Transmission Dynamics of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A(H5N8) Clade 2.3.4.4, France, 2016–2017 [PDF]
Emerging Infectious Diseases, 2019 Highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N8) clade 2.3.4.4 spread in France during 2016–2017. We assessed the biosecurity and avian influenza virus infection status of 70 backyard flocks near H5N8-infected commercial farms.
Marie Souvestre +9 more
doaj +2 more sources
Global mapping of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 and H5Nx clade 2.3.4.4 viruses with spatial cross-validation. [PDF]
eLife, 2016 Global disease suitability models are essential tools to inform surveillance systems and enable early detection. We present the first global suitability model of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 and demonstrate that reliable predictions can ...
Adhikari D +64 more
core +10 more sources
Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus (H5N8) Clade 2.3.4.4 Infection in Migratory Birds, Egypt [PDF]
Emerging Infectious Diseases, 2017 We isolated highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (H5N8) of clade 2.3.4.4 from the common coot (Fulica atra) in Egypt, documenting its introduction into Africa through migratory birds.
Abdullah A. Selim +13 more
doaj +3 more sources
Cottontail rabbits shed clade 2.3.4.4 H5 highly pathogenic avian influenza A viruses [PDF]
Archives of Virology, 2018 During 2014-2015, clade 2.3.4.4 H5Nx highly pathogenic (HP) avian influenza A viruses (IAV) were first detected in North America and subsequently caused one of the largest agricultural emergencies in U.S. history.
Bosco-Lauth, Angela M. +3 more
core +4 more sources
Reoccurrence of Avian Influenza A(H5N2) Virus Clade 2.3.4.4 in Wild Birds, Alaska, USA, 2016 [PDF]
Emerging Infectious Diseases, 2017 We report reoccurrence of highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N2) virus clade 2.3.4.4 in a wild mallard in Alaska, USA, in August 2016. Identification of this virus in a migratory species confirms low-frequency persistence in North America and the ...
Dong-Hun Lee +4 more
doaj +3 more sources