Novel Reassortant Clade 2.3.4.4 Avian Influenza A(H5N8) Virus in Wild Aquatic Birds, Russia, 2016 [PDF]
The emergence of novel avian influenza viruses in migratory birds is of concern because of the potential for virus dissemination during fall migration. We report the identification of novel highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses of subtype H5N8, clade
Dong-Hun Lee +8 more
doaj +3 more sources
Dominant substitutions underlying the antigenic evolution of H5 influenza virus [PDF]
Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5 viruses have recently been documented in mammals including humans, posing a major threat to global public health.
Mengyi Zhang +15 more
doaj +2 more sources
Reassortant Clade 2.3.4.4 Avian Influenza A(H5N6) Virus in a Wild Mandarin Duck, South Korea, 2016
A reassortant clade 2.3.4.4 avian influenza A(H5N6) virus was isolated from a fecal sample of a Mandarin duck (Aix galericulata) in South Korea during October 2016.
Jung-Hoon Kwon +11 more
doaj +3 more sources
The Emergence and Decennary Distribution of Clade 2.3.4.4 HPAI H5Nx. [PDF]
Reassortment events among influenza viruses occur naturally and may lead to the development of new and different subtypes which often ignite the possibility of an influenza outbreak. Between 2008 and 2010, highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5 of the N1 subtype from the A/goose/Guangdong/1/96-like (Gs/GD) lineage generated novel reassortants by ...
Antigua KJC, Choi WS, Baek YH, Song MS.
europepmc +5 more sources
Highly pathogenic H5N6 avian influenza virus subtype clade 2.3.4.4 indigenous in South Korea. [PDF]
AbstractThe outbreaks of the highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) in 2016–2017 and 2017–2018, caused by novel reassortant clade 2.3.4.4 H5N6 viruses, resulted in the loss of one billion birds in South Korea. Here, we characterized the H5N6 viruses isolated from wild birds in South Korea from December 2017 to August 2019 by next-generation ...
Shin J +6 more
europepmc +4 more sources
Bald eagle mortality and nest failure due to clade 2.3.4.4 highly pathogenic H5N1 influenza a virus. [PDF]
AbstractThe bald eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) is a culturally and ecologically vital species in North America that embodies conservation success but continues to face threats that include emerging pathogens. The introduction of A/goose/Guangdong/1/1996 lineage highly pathogenic (HP) clade 2.3.4.4b H5N1 influenza A virus (IAV) in North America in ...
Nemeth NM +10 more
europepmc +4 more sources
Single dose of multi-clade virus-like particle vaccine protects chickens against clade 2.3.2.1 and clade 2.3.4.4 highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses. [PDF]
AbstractVirus-like particles (VLPs) are recognized as an alternative vaccine platform that provide effective protection against various highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAIVs). Here, we developed multi-clade VLPs expressing two HAs (a chimera of clade 2.3.2.1c and clade 2.3.4.4c HA) within a single vector.
Kang YM +10 more
europepmc +5 more sources
Genetic evolution of hemagglutinin and neuraminidase genes of H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses in Thailand [PDF]
Background Ongoing outbreaks of H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses and the emergence of the genetic-related hemagglutinin (HA) gene of reassortant H5Nx viruses currently circulating in wild birds and poultries pose a great global ...
Pirom Noisumdaeng +4 more
doaj +2 more sources
Lack of virological and serological evidence for continued circulation of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N8 virus in wild birds in the Netherlands, 14 November 2014 to 31 January 2016 [PDF]
In 2014, H5N8 clade 2.3.4.4 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses of the A/Goose/ Guangdong/1/1996 lineage emerged in poultry and wild birds in Asia, Europe and North America.
Bestebroer, T.M. (Theo) +14 more
core +14 more sources
Viral shedding of clade 2.3.4.4 H5 highly pathogenic avian influenza A viruses by American robins [PDF]
American robins (Turdus migratorius) are commonly associated with farmsteads in the United States and have shown previous evidence of exposure to an H5 avian influenza A virus (IAV) near a poultry production facility affected by a highly pathogenic (HP ...
Bosco-Lauth, Angela M. +3 more
core +5 more sources

