Results 51 to 60 of about 1,368,972 (211)

On Partial Identification of the Pure Direct Effect [PDF]

, 2015
In causal mediation analysis, nonparametric identification of the pure (natural) direct effect typically relies on, in addition to no unobserved pre-exposure confounding, fundamental assumptions of (i) so-called "cross-world-counterfactuals" independence
Kanki, Phyllis, Meloni, Seema, Miles, Caleb H., Tchetgen, Eric J. Tchetgen   +3 more
core   +3 more sources

Causal Diagrams: Pitfalls and Tips

Journal of Epidemiology, 2020
Graphical models are useful tools in causal inference, and causal directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) are used extensively to determine the variables for which it is sufficient to control for confounding to estimate causal effects.
Etsuji Suzuki, Tomohiro Shinozaki, Eiji Yamamoto   +2 more
doaj   +1 more source

Standardization and Control for Confounding in Observational Studies: A Historical Perspective

, 2014
Control for confounders in observational studies was generally handled through stratification and standardization until the 1960s. Standardization typically reweights the stratum-specific rates so that exposure categories become comparable.
Clayton, David, Keiding, Niels
core   +1 more source

Causal inference taking into account unobserved confounding

, 2017
Causal inference with observational data can be performed under an assumption of no unobserved confounders (unconfoundedness assumption). There is, however, seldom clear subject-matter or empirical evidence for such an assumption.
de Luna, Xavier, Genbäck, Minna
core   +1 more source

Methodological biases in observational hospital studies of COVID-19 treatment effectiveness: pitfalls and potential

Frontiers in Medicine
IntroductionThis study aims to discuss and assess the impact of three prevalent methodological biases: competing risks, immortal-time bias, and confounding bias in real-world observational studies evaluating treatment effectiveness.
Oksana Martinuka, Derek Hazard, Hamid Reza Marateb, Hamid Reza Marateb, Marjan Mansourian, Marjan Mansourian, Miguel Ángel Mañanas, Miguel Ángel Mañanas, Sergio Romero, Sergio Romero, Manuel Rubio-Rivas, Martin Wolkewitz   +11 more
doaj   +1 more source

Confounding Factors in Container-Based Drought Tolerance Assessments in Solanum tuberosum [PDF]

, 2021
Karin Köhl, Gedif Mulugeta Aneley, Manuela Haas, R J Peters   +3 more
openalex   +1 more source

Spatiotemporal models with confounding effects: application on under-five mortality across four sub-Saharan African countries

Frontiers in Public Health
BackgroundDifferent strategies have been developed to minimize under-five mortality (U5M) in sub-Saharan African (sSA) countries; however, it is still a major health concern for children in the region.
Haile Mekonnen Fenta, Haile Mekonnen Fenta, Ding-Geng Chen, Ding-Geng Chen, Temesgen T. Zewotir, Najmeh Nakhaei Rad   +5 more
doaj   +1 more source

Adaptability of High Dimensional Propensity Score Procedure in the Transition from ICD-9 to ICD-10 in the US Healthcare System

Clinical Epidemiology, 2023
Amir Sarayani,1,2 Joshua D Brown,1,2 Christian Hampp,1,3 William T Donahoo,4,5 Almut G Winterstein1,2 1Department of Pharmaceutical Outcomes and Policy, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; 2Center for Drug Safety and ...
Sarayani A, Brown JD, Hampp C, Donahoo WT, Winterstein AG   +4 more
doaj  

Methodological Tutorial Series for Epidemiological Studies: Confounder Selection and Sensitivity Analyses to Unmeasured Confounding From Epidemiological and Statistical Perspectives

Journal of Epidemiology
In observational studies, identifying and adjusting for a sufficient set of confounders is crucial for accurately estimating the causal effect of the exposure on the outcome.
Kosuke Inoue, Kentaro Sakamaki, Sho Komukai, Yuri Ito, Atsushi Goto, Tomohiro Shinozaki   +5 more
doaj   +1 more source

Challenges in estimating influenza vaccine effectiveness

Expert Review of Vaccines, 2019
Introduction: Influenza vaccination is regarded as the most effective way to prevent influenza infection. Due to the rapid genetic changes that influenza viruses undergo, seasonal influenza vaccines must be reformulated and re-administered annually ...
Kylie E. C. Ainslie, Michael Haber, Walt A. Orenstein   +2 more
doaj   +1 more source