Results 51 to 60 of about 1,001,591 (299)

On the bias of adjusting for a non-differentially mismeasured discrete confounder

Journal of Causal Inference, 2021
Biological and epidemiological phenomena are often measured with error or imperfectly captured in data. When the true state of this imperfect measure is a confounder of an outcome exposure relationship of interest, it was previously widely believed that ...
Peña Jose M., Balgi Sourabh, Sjölander Arvid, Gabriel Erin E.   +3 more
doaj   +1 more source

Comparative Evaluation of Hemodiafiltration, Hemoperfusion, and Standard Hemodialysis on Efficacy, Inflammatory Control, Dialysis Adequacy, and Safety in End‐Stage Renal Disease: A Prospective Observational Study

Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis, EarlyView.
ABSTRACT Background Chronic micro‐inflammation in patients with end‐stage renal disease (ESRD) is a significant driver of cardiovascular complications and diminished quality of life. While standard hemodialysis (SHD) effectively manages small‐molecule clearance, its ability to remove medium‐to‐large uremic toxins—the primary catalysts of systemic ...
Hongwei Zuo, Weisi Dai, Jie Mao, Mei Ye, Xingshan Lu, Xiaocui Zhang   +5 more
wiley   +1 more source

Counterfactual Generation Under Confounding [PDF]

, 2022
A machine learning model, under the influence of observed or unobserved confounders in the training data, can learn spurious correlations and fail to generalize when deployed.
Balasubramanian, Vineeth N, Sharma, Amit, Reddy, Abbavaram Gowtham, Dash, Saloni   +3 more
core   +1 more source

Using directed acyclic graphs to assess collider and confounding bias in reviews of observational studies: an illustrative example using the impact of residential exposure to animal feeding operations on human health

Evidence-Based Toxicology
Bias assessment in systematic reviews of observational studies commonly includes consideration about whether key confounders were controlled but rarely evaluates whether control strategies may have introduced bias through control of colliders or ...
Brayan Alexander Fonseca Martinez, Jan Merrill Sargeant, Sarah Ceridwen Totton, Chong Wang, Annette Maree O’Connor   +4 more
doaj   +1 more source

Potential confounding in the association between short birth intervals and increased neonatal, infant, and child mortality [PDF]

Global Health Action, 2015
Background: Recent steep declines in child mortality have been attributed in part to increased use of contraceptives and the resulting change in fertility behaviour, including an increase in the time between births.
Jamie Perin, Neff Walker
doaj   +1 more source

Association Between Individualized Education for Kidney Replacement Therapy Modality Selection and Peritoneal Dialysis Initiation: A Cross‐Sectional Study

Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis, EarlyView.
ABSTRACT Introduction Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is an established home‐based kidney replacement therapy (KRT), but its uptake remains low in Japan. We evaluated whether individualized education in a dedicated outpatient clinic was associated with the initiation of PD.
Yasuko Ito, Ryuichi Yoshimura, Takaki Yamauchi, Yuta Funakoshi, Hirotaka Sonoda, Seiji Kobayashi, Hiroyuki Terawaki, Takafumi Ito   +7 more
wiley   +1 more source

Recovery and inference of causal effects with sequential adjustment for confounding and attrition

Journal of Causal Inference
Confounding bias and selection bias bring two significant challenges to the validity of conclusions drawn from applied causal inference. The latter can stem from informative missingness, such as in cases of attrition.
de Aguas Johan, Pensar Johan, Varnet Pérez Tomás, Biele Guido   +3 more
doaj   +1 more source

Sufficient component cause simulations: an underutilized epidemiologic teaching tool

Frontiers in Epidemiology, 2023
Simulation studies are a powerful and important tool in epidemiologic teaching, especially for understanding causal inference. Simulations using the sufficient component cause framework can provide students key insights about causal mechanisms and ...
Katrina L. Kezios, Eleanor Hayes-Larson
doaj   +1 more source

Organoids in pediatric cancer research

FEBS Letters, EarlyView.
Organoid technology has revolutionized cancer research, yet its application in pediatric oncology remains limited. Recent advances have enabled the development of pediatric tumor organoids, offering new insights into disease biology, treatment response, and interactions with the tumor microenvironment.
Carla Ríos Arceo, Jarno Drost
wiley   +1 more source

Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms and brain morphology: Examining confounding bias

eLife, 2022
Background: Associations between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and brain morphology have been reported, although with several inconsistencies.
Lorenza Dall'Aglio, Hannah H Kim, Sander Lamballais, Jeremy Labrecque, Ryan L Muetzel, Henning Tiemeier   +5 more
doaj   +1 more source