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Host-Range Restriction of Vaccinia Virus E3L-Specific Deletion Mutants
Virus Genes, 1996The vaccinia virus (VV) E3L gene product functions as a dsRNA binding protein that is involved in conferring an interferon-resistant phenotype upon the virus. Studies with a vaccinia virus (VV) E3L- deletion mutant (vP1080) have also demonstrated that the E3L gene product is critical for productive replication on certain cell substrates.
Bertram L Jacobs +2 more
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The Role of the PKR-Inhibitory Genes, E3L and K3L, in Determining Vaccinia Virus Host Range
Virology, 2002 Vaccinia virus encodes two regulators of the cellular antiviral response. The E3L gene is thought to act primarily by sequestering double-stranded RNA, whereas the K3L gene is thought to act as a competitive inhibitor of the double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase, PKR.
Bertram L Jacobs
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Vaccinia Viruses With Mutations in the E3L Gene as Potential Replication-Competent, Attenuated Vaccines: Scarification Vaccination [PDF]
Vaccine, 2008 In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of vaccinia virus (VACV) containing mutations in the E3L virulence gene to protect mice against a lethal poxvirus challenge after vaccination by scarification. VACV strains with mutations in the E3L gene had significantly decreased pathogenicity, even in immune deficient mice, yet retained the ability to produce
Yung Chang +2 more
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Virology, 2015 Human adenoviruses (HAdVs) encode for multifunctional non-coding virus-associated (VA) RNAs, which function as powerful suppressors of the cellular interferon (IFN) and RNA interference (RNAi) systems. In this study we tested the ability of various plant
Tanel Punga +2 more
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Vaccinia Viruses With Mutations in the E3L Gene as Potential Replication-Competent, Attenuated Vaccines: Intra-Nasal Vaccination [PDF]
Vaccine, 2008 Vaccinia virus (VACV) has been used as the vaccine to protect against smallpox, and recombinant VACVs have been used to develop vaccine candidates against numerous cancers and infectious diseases. Although relatively safe for use in humans, the strains of VACV that were used as smallpox vaccines led to several complications including, progressive ...
Colin McInnes +2 more
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Orf Virus Encodes a Homolog of the Vaccinia Virus Interferon-Resistance Gene E3L
Virus Genes, 1998A homolog of the vaccinia virus (VAC) interferon resistance gene E3L has been discovered in orf virus strain NZ-2, a parapoxvirus that infects sheep, goats and humans. The gene is located 20 kb from the left terminus of the orf virus genome and is transcribed towards this terminus.
C J, McInnes, A R, Wood, A A, Mercer
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NMR Study of Hydrogen Exchange During the B–Z Transition of a DNA Duplex Induced by the Zα Domains of Yatapoxvirus E3L [PDF]
FEBS Letters, 2010 The Yaba‐like disease viruses (YLDV) are members of the Yatapoxvirus family and have double‐stranded DNA genomes. The E3L protein, which is essential for pathogenesis in the vaccinia virus, consists of two domains: an N‐terminal Z‐DNA binding domain and a C‐terminal RNA binding domain.
Byong-Seok Choi +2 more
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Nuclear Localization of a Double-Stranded RNA-Binding Protein Encoded by the Vaccinia Virus E3L Gene
Virology, 1993We produced a B cell hybridoma (TW2.3) from vaccinia virus-infected mice that secreted a monoclonal antibody (MAb) reactive with a 25-kDA early viral protein that was localized by laser scanning confocal microscopy to the nucleus and cytoplasmic viral factory regions of infected cells.
H, Yuwen +4 more
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2023
Abstract Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) is a pathogen associated molecular pattern recognized by multiple pattern recognition receptors and induces innate immune responses. Viral infections can generate dsRNA during virus replication. Genetic mutations can also lead to endogenous dsRNA accumulation.
Wenjing Zhang +6 more
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Abstract Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) is a pathogen associated molecular pattern recognized by multiple pattern recognition receptors and induces innate immune responses. Viral infections can generate dsRNA during virus replication. Genetic mutations can also lead to endogenous dsRNA accumulation.
Wenjing Zhang +6 more
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2004 The N-terminal domain of the vaccinia virus protein E3L (ZαE3L) is essential for full viral pathogenicity in mice. It has sequence similarity to the high-affinity human Z-DNA-binding domains ZαADAR1 and ZαDLM1.
Peter Schmieder +2 more
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