Nociceptive Sensory Neurons Mediate Inflammation Induced by Bacillus Anthracis Edema Toxin [PDF]
Frontiers in Immunology, 2021 Bacterial products are able to act on nociceptive neurons during pathogenic infection. Neurogenic inflammation is an active part of pain signaling and has recently been shown to impact host-pathogen defense.
Nicole J. Yang +7 more
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ATP depletion in anthrax edema toxin pathogenesis. [PDF]
PLoS PathogensAnthrax lethal toxin (LT) and edema toxin (ET) are two of the major virulence factors of Bacillus anthracis, the causative pathogen of anthrax disease. While the roles of LT in anthrax pathogenesis have been extensively studied, the pathogenic mechanism ...
Jie Liu +7 more
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The Potential Contributions of Lethal and Edema Toxins to the Pathogenesis of Anthrax Associated Shock [PDF]
Toxins, 2011 Outbreaks of Bacillus anthracis in the US and Europe over the past 10 years have emphasized the health threat this lethal bacteria poses even for developed parts of the world.
Peter Q. Eichacker +5 more
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Emergence of Anthrax Edema Toxin as a Master Manipulator of Macrophage and B Cell Functions [PDF]
Toxins, 2010 Anthrax edema toxin (ET), a powerful adenylyl cyclase, is an important virulence factor of Bacillus anthracis. Until recently, only a modest amount of research was performed to understand the role this toxin plays in the organism’s immune evasion ...
Linsey A. Yeager +4 more
doaj +5 more sources
Anthrax Edema and Lethal Toxins Differentially Target Human Lung and Blood Phagocytes [PDF]
Toxins, 2020 Bacillus anthracis, the causative agent of inhalation anthrax, is a serious concern as a bioterrorism weapon. The vegetative form produces two exotoxins: Lethal toxin (LT) and edema toxin (ET).
Vineet I. Patel +4 more
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Anthrax edema toxin disrupts distinct steps in Rab11-dependent junctional transport. [PDF]
PLoS Pathogens, 2017 Various bacterial toxins circumvent host defenses through overproduction of cAMP. In a previous study, we showed that edema factor (EF), an adenylate cyclase from Bacillus anthracis, disrupts endocytic recycling mediated by the small GTPase Rab11.
Annabel Guichard +12 more
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Anthrax Vaccine Precipitated Induces Edema Toxin-Neutralizing, Edema Factor-Specific Antibodies in Human Recipients. [PDF]
Vaccine Journal, 2017 ABSTRACT Edema toxin (ET), composed of edema factor (EF) and protective antigen (PA), is a virulence factor of Bacillus anthracis that alters host immune cell function and contributes to anthrax disease. Anthrax vaccine precipitated (AVP) contains low but detectable levels of EF and can elicit EF-specific ...
Jason L Larabee +2 more
exaly +4 more sources
Инфекция и иммунитет, 2020 Here, we review the data on mechanisms inhibiting cytotoxic effect of anthrax toxin on the immune system cells. Various disease forms, immunopathogenesis and contemporary methods for anthrax treatment are discussed.
V. V. Firstova +2 more
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Development of a New Cell-Based AP-1 Gene Reporter Potency Assay for Anti-Anthrax Toxin Therapeutics
Toxins, 2023 Anthrax toxin is a critical virulence factor of Bacillus anthracis. The toxin comprises protective antigen (PA) and two enzymatic moieties, edema factor (EF) and lethal factor (LF), forming bipartite lethal toxin (LT) and edema toxin (ET).
Weiming Ouyang +3 more
doaj +1 more source
Toxins, 2023 Edema toxin (ET), one of the main toxic factors of Bacillus anthracis (B. anthracis), is a kind of potent adenylate cyclase (AC). B. anthracis has adapted to resist macrophage microbicidal mechanisms in part by secreting ET.
Taoran Zhao +7 more
doaj +1 more source