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Exosomes in Intervertebral Disc Regeneration: Roles, Opportunities, and Challenges

open access: yesAdvanced NanoBiomed Research, EarlyView.
Factors of Intervertebral Disc Degeneration Extracellular Matrix (ECM) Exosomes and Intervertebral Disc Degeneration (IVDD) Exosome‐Mediated Therapy for IVDD of Different Cell Sources Application of Engineered Exosomes in IVDD Clinical Application of Exosomes in IVDD Treatment Conclusion and Future Perspectives. Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD),
Xianglong Zhou   +7 more
wiley   +1 more source
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Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 2007
Abstract:  Stress is the imbalance of homeostasis, which can be sensed even at the subcellular level. The stress‐sensing capability of various organelles including the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) has been described. It has become evident that acute or prolonged ER stress plays an important role in many human diseases; especially those involving organs ...
BANHEGYI G   +15 more
openaire   +4 more sources

Serpinopathy and endoplasmic reticulum stress

Medical Molecular Morphology, 2005
We have recently identified a novel human gene, megsin, which is a new serine protease inhibitor (serpin) predominantly expressed in the kidney. Our previous studies suggested a role of megsin in the pathogenesis of human renal diseases, but its exact biopathological significance remained unknown.
Toshio Miyata   +3 more
openaire   +3 more sources

Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Immunity

Annual Review of Immunology, 2015
Immune responses occur in the midst of a variety of cellular stresses that can severely perturb endoplasmic reticulum (ER) function. The unfolded protein response is a three-pronged signaling axis dedicated to preserving ER homeostasis. In this review, we highlight many important and emerging functional roles for ER stress in immunity, focusing on how ...
Laurie H. Glimcher, Sarah E. Bettigole
openaire   +2 more sources

Parkin and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 2003
Abstract: Autosomal‐recessive juvenile parkinsonism (AR‐JP) is caused by mutations in the parkin gene. Parkin protein is characterized by a ubiquitin‐like domain at its NH2 terminus and by two RING finger motifs and one IBR (in between RING finger) motif at its COOH‐terminus (RING‐IBR‐RING). We showed that the parkin protein is an E3 ubiquitin ligase,
Ryosuke Takahashi   +3 more
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InterfERing with endoplasmic reticulum stress

Trends in Pharmacological Sciences, 2012
Stress to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a recognized factor in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, diabetes, heart disease, liver disorders and cancer. Thus, drugs that interfere with ER stress have wide therapeutic potential. Here we review the effects of drugs on three arms of ER stress: the protein kinase RNA-activated (PKR)-like ER kinase ...
Una FitzGerald, Honorata Kraskiewicz
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Endoplasmic reticulum stress, obesity and diabetes [PDF]

open access: possibleTrends in Molecular Medicine, 2012
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response, also commonly known as the unfolded protein response (UPR), is an adaptive response used to align ER functional capacity with demand. It is activated in various tissues under conditions related to obesity and type 2 diabetes. Hypothalamic ER stress contributes to inflammation and leptin/insulin resistance.
Fabienne Foufelle   +3 more
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Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Obesity

2017
In recent years, the world has seen an alarming increase in obesity and is closely associated with insulin resistance, which is a state of low-grade inflammation, the latter characterized by elevated levels of proinflammatory cytokines in blood and tissues.
openaire   +4 more sources

Sensing Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress

2012
This chapter provides an overview of our present understanding of mechanisms of sensing protein folding status and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in eukaryotic cells. The ER folds and matures most secretory and transmembrane proteins. Mis- or unfolded proteins are sensed by specialized ER stress sensors, such as IRE1, PERK and ATF6, which initiate ...
Martin Schröder, Vipul M. Parmar
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Endoplasmic reticulum stress in the kidney

Clinical and Experimental Nephrology, 2008
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is involved in a wide range of pathological circumstances including neurodegenerative disorders, diabetes mellitus, ischemic injury, cancers, atherosclerosis, inflammation, infection, toxicity of chemicals and metals, and psychotic diseases.
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