Results 191 to 200 of about 12,419 (203)
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Regulation of Excitability by Extrasynaptic GABAA Receptors
2007Not only are GABA(A) receptors activated transiently by GABA released at synapses, but high affinity, extrasynaptic GABA(A) receptors are also activated by ambient, extracellular GABA as a more persistent form of signalling (often termed tonic inhibition).
Matthew C. Walker +2 more
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Mechanism of extrasynaptic dopamine signaling in Caenorhabditis elegans
Nature Neuroscience, 2004D1-like and D2-like dopamine receptors have synergistic and antagonistic effects on behavior. To understand the mechanisms underlying these effects, we studied dopamine signaling genetically in Caenorhabditis elegans. Knocking out a D2-like receptor, DOP-3, caused locomotion defects similar to those observed in animals lacking dopamine.
Daniel L. Chase +2 more
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Extrasynaptic transmission and the diffusion parameters of the extracellular space
Neurochemistry International, 2008Extrasynaptic volume transmission, mediated by the diffusion of neuroactive substances in the extracellular space (ECS), plays an important role in short- and long-distance communication between nerve cells. The ability of a substance to reach extrasynaptic high-affinity receptors via diffusion depends on the ECS diffusion parameters, ECS volume ...
Eva Syková, Lýdia Vargová
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Neurosteroid modulation of synaptic and extrasynaptic GABAA receptors
Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 2007Certain naturally occurring pregnane steroids act in a nongenomic manner to potently and selectively enhance the interaction of the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA with the GABA(A) receptor. Consequently such steroids exhibit anxiolytic, anticonvulsant, analgesic, sedative, hypnotic, and anesthetic properties.
Herd, Murray B. +2 more
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Neurosteroids and Extrasynaptic GABAA Receptors
2014Steroid sex hormones are generally thought to act through intracellular receptors, where they regulate gene expression and protein synthesis, an effect that takes minutes to hours to occur. However, steroid metabolites can also directly modulate the activity of numerous ligand-gated ion channels. These metabolites can be synthesised de novo in the CNS,
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Diffusional extrasynaptic neurotransmission via glutamate and GABA
Neuroscience and Behavioral Physiology, 2005Glutamate and GABA are the main synaptic neurotransmitters in the hippocampus. However, their actions are not limited only to the local postsynaptic zone. These amino acids can be released into the extrasynaptic space by glutamate and GABA reuptake, glial exocytosis, osmotic shock, and spillover (flowing out of the synaptic cleft).
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The Pharmacology of Extrasynaptic GABAA Receptors
2014The different subunits that make up the family of GABAA receptor subtypes have unique distributions within the brain and nervous system. Their localization at the neuronal level is in many cases not necessarily associated with synaptic densities, and this has led to the hypothesis that extrasynaptic receptors perform a unique function in controlling ...
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The neuronal primary cilium—an extrasynaptic signaling device
Cellular Signalling, 2004Many, but likely most, neurons in the central nervous system have a nonmotile "primary" cilium extending like an antenna or finger from one of the pair of centrioles in the cell's centrosome into the extracellular space. Since their discovery over 100 years ago, these organelles have been either dismissed as functionless relicts of a bygone era or more
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Extrasynaptic NMDA Receptors Reshape Gene Ranks
Science's STKE, 2007The N -methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) subtype of glutamate receptors (NMDAR) plays a key role in the control of neuronal plasticity and cell survival by modifying the activity of different signaling pathways and numerous genes.
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The role of extrasynaptic NMDARs in LTP induction
Neuroscience Research, 2010Yue Zhang +5 more
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