Results 171 to 180 of about 14,388 (200)

Nanostructured Antagonist of Extrasynaptic NMDA Receptors

Nano Letters, 2016
Glutamatergic cytotoxicity mediated by overactivation of N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) is implicated in numerous neurological disorders. To be therapeutically viable, NMDAR antagonists must preserve physiological role of synaptic NMDARs (sNMDARs) in synaptic transmission and block only excessive pathological activation of NMDARs.
Alex, Savchenko, Gary B, Braun, Elena, Molokanova   +2 more
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Extrasynaptic GABA and Glutamate Receptors in Epilepsy

CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets, 2007
Epilepsy is a neurological disorder in which normal brain function is disrupted as a consequence of intensive and synchronous burst activity from neuron assemblies. Epilepsies result from long-lasting plastic changes in the brain affecting neurotransmitter release, the properties of receptors and channels, synaptic reorganization and astrocyte activity.
Germán, Sierra-Paredes, Germán, Sierra-Marcuño   +1 more
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Dispersing Extrasynaptic Clusters

Science's STKE, 2005
Prior to formation of the neuromuscular junction, clusters of acetylcholine receptors (AChRs) form a band in the central region of the muscle fiber; with innervation, nascent AChRs become stabilized in the muscle membrane underlying the nerve terminal but disperse elsewhere.
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Extrasynaptic transmission and the diffusion parameters of the extracellular space

Neurochemistry International, 2008
Extrasynaptic volume transmission, mediated by the diffusion of neuroactive substances in the extracellular space (ECS), plays an important role in short- and long-distance communication between nerve cells. The ability of a substance to reach extrasynaptic high-affinity receptors via diffusion depends on the ECS diffusion parameters, ECS volume ...
Eva, Syková, Lýdia, Vargová
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Regulation of Excitability by Extrasynaptic GABAA Receptors

2007
Not only are GABA(A) receptors activated transiently by GABA released at synapses, but high affinity, extrasynaptic GABA(A) receptors are also activated by ambient, extracellular GABA as a more persistent form of signalling (often termed tonic inhibition).
Matthew C, Walker, Alexey, Semyanov
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Synaptic and Extrasynaptic Glutamate Signaling in Ischemic Stroke

Current Medicinal Chemistry, 2014
Stroke is a leading cause of human mortality and disability where most cases of stroke are ischemic. The central nervous system (CNS) is extremely vulnerable to ischemic stroke particularly due to its unique ability: synaptic transmission. Not only does elaborate synaptic transmission consume extravagant energy that constrains neuronal viability under ...
Naijian, Chao, Sheng-Tian, Li
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Mechanism of extrasynaptic dopamine signaling in Caenorhabditis elegans

Nature Neuroscience, 2004
D1-like and D2-like dopamine receptors have synergistic and antagonistic effects on behavior. To understand the mechanisms underlying these effects, we studied dopamine signaling genetically in Caenorhabditis elegans. Knocking out a D2-like receptor, DOP-3, caused locomotion defects similar to those observed in animals lacking dopamine.
Daniel L, Chase, Judy S, Pepper, Michael R, Koelle   +2 more
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A Role for Extrasynaptic GABA Receptors?

Science's STKE, 2004
Proper brain function depends on maintaining an appropriate balance between excitation and inhibition: Tipping the balance too far toward inhibition leads to sedation, whereas tipping it too far toward excitation can trigger a seizure. Although research on the role of γ aminobutyric acid (GABA, the chief inhibitory neurotransmitter) in ...
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Extrasynaptic glutamate spillover in the hippocampus: evidence and implications

Trends in Neurosciences, 1998
In the mammalian brain most excitatory transmission is mediated by glutamate binding to AMPA and NMDA receptors. These receptors have markedly different biophysical properties, and at synapses in the CAI region of the hippocampus they play complementary roles in long-term potentiation (LTP): while postsynaptic NMDA receptor activation is necessary for ...
D M, Kullmann, F, Asztely
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The Pharmacology of Extrasynaptic GABAA Receptors

2014
The different subunits that make up the family of GABAA receptor subtypes have unique distributions within the brain and nervous system. Their localization at the neuronal level is in many cases not necessarily associated with synaptic densities, and this has led to the hypothesis that extrasynaptic receptors perform a unique function in controlling ...
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