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Islets and Glucose Homeostasis [PDF]

International Journal of Endocrinology, 2015
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic progressive metabolic disease, resulting from both insulin resistance and the dysfunction of beta-cells. Beta-cell apoptosis is a crucial pathophysiology leading to diabetes [1]. Aberrant immune system leads to destroying of beta-cells occurring in type 1 diabetes. Infiltration of immune cells around beta-cells and attack
Tien-Jyun Chang, Gang Xu, Jyuhn-Huarng Juang   +2 more
doaj   +3 more sources

PFAS Exposure and Metabolic Disorders: Mechanistic Insights into Lipid and Glucose Homeostasis [PDF]

Biomolecules
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a class of synthetic fluorinated chemicals characterized by high environmental persistence and widespread occurrence, which have attracted increasing attention due to their potential adverse effects on human
Xinyi Chen, Weijing Wen, Simeng Gu, Fanjia Guo, Zhe Mo, Zhijian Chen, Sujun Yan, Xiaofeng Wang   +7 more
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Islet cilia and glucose homeostasis

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, 2022
Diabetes is a growing pandemic affecting over ten percent of the U.S. population. Individuals with all types of diabetes exhibit glucose dysregulation due to altered function and coordination of pancreatic islets.
Isabella Melena, Jing W. Hughes
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Adaptive oligodendrogenesis regulates blood-hypothalamus barrier permeability, hypothalamic glucose sensing and systemic glucose homeostasis in male mice [PDF]

Molecular Metabolism
Objective: Brain glucose sensing is critical for survival during hypoglycaemia, yet how glucose-sensing neurons access circulating glucose concentrations to maintain glucose homeostasis remains poorly understood.
Sophie Buller, Emily O. Staricoff, Christine Riches, Anthony Tsang, Giada Giavara, Masa Josipovic, Kentaro Ikemura, Gabriel Opoku, Ikumi Sato, Satoshi Hirohata, Saskia Stenzel, Stuart G. Nayar, Marta Ramos Vega, Jacob Hecksher-Sørensen, Sebastian Timmler, Georgina K.C. Dowsett, Brian Y.H. Lam, Giles S.H. Yeo, Kimberly M. Alonge, Huiliang Li, William D. Richardson, Mark L. Evans, Clemence Blouet   +22 more
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Intestinal Cetobacterium and acetate modify glucose homeostasis via parasympathetic activation in zebrafish

Gut Microbes, 2021
The capability of carbohydrate utilization in fish is limited compared to mammals. It has scientific and practical significance to improve the ability of fish to use carbohydrates. The efficiency of dietary carbohydrate utilization varies among fish with
Anran Wang, Zhen Zhang, Qianwen Ding, Yalin Yang, Jérôme Bindelle, Chao Ran, Zhigang Zhou   +6 more
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Peripheral effects of nesfatin-1 on glucose homeostasis. [PDF]

PLoS ONE, 2013
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS:The actions of peripherally administered nesfatin-1 on glucose homeostasis remain controversial. The aim of this study was to characterize the mechanisms by which peripheral nesfatin-1 regulates glucose metabolism.
Ziru Li, Ling Gao, Hong Tang, Yue Yin, Xinxin Xiang, Yin Li, Jing Zhao, Michael Mulholland, Weizhen Zhang   +8 more
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Astrocyte Clocks and Glucose Homeostasis

Frontiers in Endocrinology, 2021
The endogenous timekeeping system evolved to anticipate the time of the day through the 24 hours cycle of the Earth’s rotation. In mammals, the circadian clock governs rhythmic physiological and behavioral processes, including the daily oscillation in ...
Olga Barca-Mayo, Miguel López
doaj   +1 more source

A protocol for studying glucose homeostasis and islet function in mice

STAR Protocols, 2022
Summary: Glucose tolerance test and glucose stimulated insulin secretion are important measures to determine glucose homeostasis and islet function and assess diabetes.
Dana Al Rijjal, Michael B. Wheeler
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The ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus: watchdog of whole-body glucose homeostasis

Cell & Bioscience, 2022
The brain, particularly the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus (VMH), has been long known for its involvement in glucose sensing and whole-body glucose homeostasis.
Longlong Tu, Makoto Fukuda, Qingchun Tong, Yong Xu   +3 more
doaj   +1 more source

Evaluation of Perinatal Outcome in Women with Impaired Glucose Homeostasis During Pregnancy [PDF]

Modern Medicine, 2021
Background: Glucose tolerance testing in pregnancy identifies many women with glycaemic responses that exceed normal range but that do not meet the threshold required to diagnose Gestational Diabetes Mellitus.
Neha SAHAY, Felice FAIZAL
doaj   +1 more source