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Probabilistic Regulation of IL-4 Production
Journal of Clinical Immunology, 2005Among a population of uniformly differentiated TH(2) cells, only a portion express IL-4 upon stimulation and those that do often express the product of only a single allele. We review the evidence for the basis of IL-4 monoallelism and argue that it depends upon probabilistic expression of the Il4 gene.
Liying, Guo +2 more
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Science's STKE, 2005
Interleukin-4 (IL-4) is a cytokine produced by T H 2 type helper T cells and by mast cells, basophils, and eosinophils. This cytokine can elicit many responses, some of which are associated with allergy and asthma. Studies with long-term cell lines and primary cells have revealed differences in the signaling between
Ann, Kelly-Welch +2 more
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Interleukin-4 (IL-4) is a cytokine produced by T H 2 type helper T cells and by mast cells, basophils, and eosinophils. This cytokine can elicit many responses, some of which are associated with allergy and asthma. Studies with long-term cell lines and primary cells have revealed differences in the signaling between
Ann, Kelly-Welch +2 more
openaire +2 more sources
Transplantation, 1997
We analyzed cytokine expression in recipient spleens and cardiac allografts placed in mice that were unable to synthesize interleukin (IL)-4 due to disruption of the IL-4 gene (IL-4 -/-) and in wild-type (IL-4 +/+) mice. Polyclonal BL-4P and monoclonal 11B11, 1D11, and 24G2 anti-IL-4 antibodies were used to detect cell-surface and cytoplasmic antigens ...
P L, Mottram +4 more
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We analyzed cytokine expression in recipient spleens and cardiac allografts placed in mice that were unable to synthesize interleukin (IL)-4 due to disruption of the IL-4 gene (IL-4 -/-) and in wild-type (IL-4 +/+) mice. Polyclonal BL-4P and monoclonal 11B11, 1D11, and 24G2 anti-IL-4 antibodies were used to detect cell-surface and cytoplasmic antigens ...
P L, Mottram +4 more
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The IL-4 Receptor — Signaling Mechanisms
1994Interleukin-4 (IL-4) is a multifunctional cytokine that is a member of the hematopoietin family1. Its structure consists of a bundle of four left handed α helices in which the first and second and the third and fourth helices are connected by long over hand loops2,3,4,5.
A, Keegan, K, Nelms, W E, Paul
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Specific Antagonism of Type I IL-4 Receptor with a Mutated Form of Murine IL-4
The Journal of Immunology, 1998Abstract IL-4 is a pleiotropic cytokine that is essential for the differentiation of Th2 cells and is critically involved in the pathogenesis of certain infectious and allergic diseases. We have produced and functionally characterized a mutant of murine IL-4 (IL-4.Y119D) as a potential antagonist of IL-4. The analysis of IL-4R binding
M, Schnare +4 more
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A biologic assay for IL-4 rapid fluorescence assay for IL-4 detection in supernatants and serum
Journal of Immunological Methods, 1990Interleukin-4 (IL-4) is a lymphokine produced by activated T helper cells with effects on T cells, B cells, monocytes and mast cells. The conventional tonsillar B cell assay used for quantification of IL-4 activity is sensitive to the presence of other cytokines and requires the acquisition of fresh cells on a regular basis.
M C, Custer, M T, Lotze
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Integration of TCR and IL-4 signals through STAT6 and the regulation of IL-4 gene expression
Molecular Immunology, 2000Signals generated by both antigen and cytokines binding to CD4(+) T cells synergize to promote helper T cell subset differentiation. For Th2 cell commitment neither IL-4 nor T cell receptor (TCR) stimulation are sufficient to drive differentiation. Th2 differentiation requires IL-4-receptor mediated signal transducers and activators of transcription 6 (
C B, Schmidt-Weber +2 more
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CD28 Costimulation Accelerates IL-4 Receptor Sensitivity and IL-4-Mediated Th2 Differentiation
The Journal of Immunology, 1999Abstract The development of Th1 and Th2 cells is determined by the type of antigenic stimulation involved in the initial cell activation step. Evidence indicates that costimulatory signals, such as those delivered by CD28, play an important role in Th2 development, but little is known about how CD28 costimulation contributes to Th2 ...
M, Kubo +6 more
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Aspirin inhibits IL-4 production
Trends in Immunology, 2001The anti-inflammatory properties of aspirin are well-recognized and have been chiefly attributed to the effect of aspirin on prostaglandins. It is known that aspirin inhibits cyclo-oxygenase, the enzyme which catalyzes the production of prostaglandin from cell-membrane fatty-acid precursors.
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The impact of IL-4 and IL-4-producing cells on protective immunity to tuberculosis
2023Abstract. Why 5-10% of people develop tuberculosis (TB) after Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection is largely unknown. Th1 immunity is the dominant mechanism of control. In contrast, how type 2 immunity affects immunity to TB is a clinically important area that has scarcely been investigated.
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