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European Journal of Pharmacology, 2005 The metabolism of tryptophan along the kynurenine pathway yields several neuroactive intermediates, including kynurenic acid, which is one of the few known endogenous N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor inhibitors; in parallel with this, it is an alpha 7 ...
József Toldi +2 more
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Comparative study on the effects of kynurenic acid and glucosamine–kynurenic acid [PDF]
Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior, 2004 Kynurenic acid (KYNA) is the only known endogenous N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor inhibitor and might therefore come into consideration as a therapeutic agent in certain neurobiological disorders. However, its use as a neuroprotective compound is practically excluded because KYNA does not readily cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB).
Füvesi, Judit +11 more
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Modifications on the carboxylic function of kynurenic acid [PDF]
Journal of Neural Transmission, 2011 Pharmacological and histological studies of ten new amides of kynurenic acid revealed that N-(2-N,N-dimethylaminoethyl)-4-oxo-1H-quinoline-2-carboxamide hydrochloride has effective neuroprotective properties. Namely, this molecule is: (1) proved to be an effective inhibitor of excitatory synaptic transmission in the CA1 region of the hippocampus both ...
Fülöp Ferenc +3 more
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The kynurenic acid hypothesis of schizophrenia
Physiology & Behavior, 2007In recent years progress in the field of schizophrenia research has led to the suggestion that dopamine only plays an intermediary role in the pathophysiology of the disease and that the main abnormalities lie elsewhere. In particular, deficits in brain glutamatergic systems are suggested to play a prominent role in the pathophysiology of the disease ...
Sophie, Erhardt +4 more
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Kynurenic Acid And Schizophrenia
2003In recent years the "dopamine (DA) hypothesis of schizophrenia", has been modified into a more diversified view where an attenuated glutamatergic neurotransmission is believed to participate in the pathogenesis of the disease. Thus, schizophrenia may be regarded as a glutamate deficiency disorder.
Sophie, Erhardt +2 more
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Acta Crystallographica Section C Crystal Structure Communications, 1996
In the structure of the title compound, 4-hydroxy-2- quinolinecarboxylic acid monohydrate, C 10 H 7 NO 3 .H 2 O, the carboxyl group is ionized and the ring N atom is protonated giving it a positive charge. The molecule is almost planar. The crystal structure is stabilized both by intermolecular O-H...O and N-H...O hydrogen bonds involving the solvated ...
N. Okabe, J. Miura, A. Shimosaki
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In the structure of the title compound, 4-hydroxy-2- quinolinecarboxylic acid monohydrate, C 10 H 7 NO 3 .H 2 O, the carboxyl group is ionized and the ring N atom is protonated giving it a positive charge. The molecule is almost planar. The crystal structure is stabilized both by intermolecular O-H...O and N-H...O hydrogen bonds involving the solvated ...
N. Okabe, J. Miura, A. Shimosaki
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Presence of Kynurenic Acid in the Mammalian Brain
Journal of Neurochemistry, 1988AbstractKynurenic acid, a tryptophan metabolite able to antagonize the actions of the excitatory amino acids, has been identified and measured for the first time in the brain of mice, rats, guinea pigs, and humans by using an HPLC method. Its content was 5.8 ± 0.9 in mouse brain, 17.8 ± 2.0 in rat brain, 16.2 ± 1.5 in guinea pig brain, 26.8 ± 2.9 in ...
MORONI F +4 more
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Kynurenic acid actions in brain and periphery
International Congress Series, 2007Abstract. Kynurenic acid (KYNA) is commonly considered a non-competitive NMDA receptor antagonist. It has been recently shown that KYNA also antagonizes the alpha 7 nicotine receptors and reduces glutamate and dopamine release in the rat striatum. Finally, it has been demonstrated that KYNA interacts with GPR35, an orphan receptor negatively coupled ...
MORONI, FLAVIO +3 more
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On the toxicity of kynurenic acid in vivo and in vitro
Pharmacological Reports, 2014Kynurenic acid (KYNA), a tryptophan metabolite is an antagonist of ionotropic glutamate receptors and alpha-7 nicotinic receptor. Moreover, it is an agonist of G-protein receptor GPR35. Its neuroprotective, anticonvulsant, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity was documented. KYNA is present in food and herbal medicines.
Waldemar A. Turski +6 more
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Quinolinic Acid and Kynurenic Acid in the Mammalian Brain
1991Over the last decade, the study of neuroexcitatory amino acids has become one of the most rapidly expanding areas of neuroscientific research. Interest in this class of compounds was precipitated mainly by the realization that metabolites such as glutamate and aspartate are major neurotransmitters in the central nervous system (Fonnum, 1984; Erecinska ...
R, Schwarcz, F, Du
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