Results 211 to 220 of about 57,088 (258)
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ROLE OF THE LD50 TEST IN THE PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY
Lancet, The, 1984A D Dayan
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The LD50—A Tradition in Need of Change
JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association, 1984To the Editor.— Medicine has a glorious tradition to measure itself against, and this tradition can be a source of both pride and anxiety. Anxiety enters if the physician becomes overwhelmed by the high standards he must measure himself against. In the field of research, it becomes "publish or perish." Knowledge and skill are so hard earned it is no
R C, Hubbard, C, Young
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International Journal of Quantitative Structure-Property Relationships, 2020
Rodent LD50 values have been used for almost a century as a measure of potential human toxicity from drugs and other chemicals. However, they have been found not, on the whole, to be good models for human toxicity. One reason for this could be the often-high variability of LD50 values.
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Rodent LD50 values have been used for almost a century as a measure of potential human toxicity from drugs and other chemicals. However, they have been found not, on the whole, to be good models for human toxicity. One reason for this could be the often-high variability of LD50 values.
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Trends in Pharmacological Sciences, 2001
The controversial LD50 Draize test, which determines the dose of a drug required to kill 50% of animals tested and is an indicator of acute oral toxicity, has recently been abolished by The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD).
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The controversial LD50 Draize test, which determines the dose of a drug required to kill 50% of animals tested and is an indicator of acute oral toxicity, has recently been abolished by The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD).
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JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association, 1985
In Reply.— I appreciate the letters by Dr Friedman and Dr Llaurado and respect their points of view. The Medical Research Modernization Committee, of which I am a chairman, does not take an either/or position on animal research or the use of animals in medical school teaching.
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In Reply.— I appreciate the letters by Dr Friedman and Dr Llaurado and respect their points of view. The Medical Research Modernization Committee, of which I am a chairman, does not take an either/or position on animal research or the use of animals in medical school teaching.
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The LD50 test: Some considerations of precision
Toxicology Letters, 1982Substantial improvements in the statistical aspects of the LD50 test are possible. These include modifications to the design of the experiments (including the use of sequential methods) and the replacement of outdated techniques of statistical analysis with more appropriate methods. With such improvements, it would be possible to reduce appreciably the
D O, Chanter, R, Heywood
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Pretreatment and heavy metal LD50 values
Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, 1979Abstract LD50 values, with and without pretreatment with the same ion, have been determined in mice for intraperitoneal injection of salts of the ions Cd2+, Hg2+, Ag+, Tl+, Pd2+, Au+, Pt2+, Cu2+, Sn2+, Pt4+, and Zn2+. In the case of Cd2+ the previously reported increase in LD50 values subsequent to pretreatment was confirmed.
M M, Jones, J E, Schoenheit, A D, Weaver
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Economical LD50 and Slope Determinations
Drug and Chemical Toxicology, 1983Many regulatory standards and guidelines required LD50 determinations and dose-response curve slopes, using at least 5 animals per sex per dosage level and at least 3 levels. In contrast, the current trend is to use as few animals as necessary for toxicological studies. The moving average method for calculation of the LD50 has been available since 1947
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Estimating LD50s without a computer
Parasitology Today, 1988Quantitative analysis of dose-related effects, such as mosquitoes killed by insecticide or parasites killed by a drug, usually involves estimating the dose which kills, on average, 50% of the subjects. This quantity is often termed the LD(50) (LD for lethal dose), or the ED(50) (ED for effective dose). Other specified response levels, such as the LD(90)
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1982
An increasing concern over the LD50 study has become apparent over the years and even more so recently in Britain with the Home Office Publication on the subject and comments and opinions expressed in the National Press. Particularly with respect to the Pharmaceutical and Agrochemical Industries, the number of animals used depends on the number ...
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An increasing concern over the LD50 study has become apparent over the years and even more so recently in Britain with the Home Office Publication on the subject and comments and opinions expressed in the National Press. Particularly with respect to the Pharmaceutical and Agrochemical Industries, the number of animals used depends on the number ...
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