Results 41 to 50 of about 6,829 (247)

Molecular Basis for Actin Polymerization Kinetics Modulated by Solution Crowding

Biomolecules, 2023
Actin polymerization drives cell movement and provides cells with structural integrity. Intracellular environments contain high concentrations of solutes, including organic compounds, macromolecules, and proteins.
Bryan Demosthene, Myeongsang Lee, Ryan R. Marracino, James B. Heidings, Ellen Hyeran Kang   +4 more
doaj   +1 more source

Effects of Macromolecular Crowding on the Collapse of Biopolymers

Physical Review Letters, 2015
Experiments show that macromolecular crowding modestly reduces the size of intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) even at volume fraction ($ϕ$) similar to that in the cytosol whereas DNA undergoes a coil-to-globule transition at very small $ϕ$. We show using a combination of scaling arguments and simulations that the polymer size $\overline{R}_g(ϕ ...
Kang, Hongsuk, Pincus, Philip A., Hyeon, Changbong, Thirumalai, D.   +3 more
openaire   +4 more sources

Macromolecular crowding: Sensing without a sensor

Current Opinion in Cell Biology, 2023
All living cells are crowded with macromolecules. Crowding can directly modulate biochemical reactions to various degrees depending on the sizes, shapes, and binding affinities of the reactants. Here, we explore the possibility that cells can sense and adapt to changes in crowding through the widespread modulation of biochemical reactions without the ...
Holt, Liam, Delarue, Morgan
openaire   +4 more sources

Cells recognize osmotic stress through liquid–liquid phase separation lubricated with poly(ADP-ribose)

Nature Communications, 2021
Cells experience various osmotic perturbation, but cellular osmosensing mechanisms remain obscure. Here, the authors report that cells recognize osmotic stress from the inside through macromolecular crowding-driven and poly(ADP-ribose)-conditioned liquid–
Kengo Watanabe, Kazuhiro Morishita, Xiangyu Zhou, Shigeru Shiizaki, Yasuo Uchiyama, Masato Koike, Isao Naguro, Hidenori Ichijo   +7 more
doaj   +1 more source

Protein folding by the effects of macromolecular crowding [PDF]

Protein Science, 2004
Abstract Unfolded states of ribonuclease A were used to investigate the effects of macromolecular crowding on macromolecular compactness and protein folding. The extent of protein folding and compactness were measured by circular dichroism spectroscopy, fluorescence correlation spectroscopy, and NMR spectroscopy in the presence of ...
Nobuhiko, Tokuriki, Masataka, Kinjo, Shigeru, Negi, Masaru, Hoshino, Yuji, Goto, Itaru, Urabe, Tetsuya, Yomo   +6 more
openaire   +2 more sources

Macromolecular Crowding as a Regulator of Gene Transcription [PDF]

Biophysical Journal, 2014
Studies of macromolecular crowding have shown its important effects on molecular transport and interactions in living cells. Less clear is the effect of crowding when its influence is incorporated into a complex network of interactions. Here, we explore the effects of crowding in the cell nucleus on a model of gene transcription as a network of ...
Matsuda, Hiroaki, Putzel, Gregory Garbès, Backman, Vadim, Szleifer, Igal   +3 more
openaire   +2 more sources

Macromolecular crowding induces holo α-lactalbumin aggregation by converting to its apo form.

PLoS ONE, 2014
Macromolecular crowding has been shown to have an exacerbating effect on the aggregation propensity of amyloidogenic proteins; while having an inhibitory effect on the non-amyloidogenic proteins.
Shruti Mittal, Laishram Rajendrakumar Singh   +1 more
doaj   +1 more source

Unraveling G‐Quadruplex and i‐Motif Coexistence Within a Double‐Stranded DNA

Angewandte Chemie, EarlyView.
The relative thermodynamic profiles of G‐quadruplex (G4), i‐Motif (iM), and the duplex counterpart tune the simultaneous G4 and iM formation within a double‐stranded (ds) DNA. ABSTRACT DNA can transiently fold into variable arrangements, which are expected to exploit regulatory functions. Guanine‐rich sequences can fold into G‐quadruplexes (G4s), while
Davide Auricchio, Michele Ghezzo, Uroš Zavrtanik, Luca Bertini, Valeria Libera, Riccardo Rigo, Jurij Lah, Claudia Sissi   +7 more
wiley   +2 more sources

Cell geometry and membrane protein crowding constrain Escherichia coli growth rate, overflow metabolism, respiration, and maintenance energy

FEBS Letters, EarlyView.
The physical dimensions and shape of bacterial cells define the surface area available to acquire nutrients and the volume available for synthesizing proteins and DNA. Here, we use computational systems biology to decode the importance of cell geometry as a major determinant of prokaryotic phenotype, including growth rate and metabolic efficiency. This
Ross P. Carlson, Tomáš Gedeon, Mauricio Garcia Benitez, Campbell Putnam, William R. Harcombe, Radhakrishnan Mahadevan, Ashley E. Beck   +6 more
wiley   +1 more source

Structural Control of Dual Emission in Coumarin Fluorophores for Visualizing Protein Droplet Maturation

Angewandte Chemie, EarlyView.
A coumarin‐based dual‐emission fluorophore was designed to visualize the maturation of protein liquid droplets. Upon covalent conjugation to droplet‐forming proteins, ratiometric fluorescence imaging allowed real time monitoring of droplet maturation. This probe is applicable to the analysis of droplet formation and maturation mechanisms, as well as to
Tomoya Yamamoto, Yusei Otsuka, Asuka Mori, Yuichiro Hori, Yuma Yamamoto, Motonari Uesugi, Kazuya Kikuchi   +6 more
wiley   +2 more sources