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Nature Reviews Methods Primers, 2022 Mendelian randomization (MR) is a term that applies to the use of genetic variation to address causal questions about how modifiable exposures influence different outcomes. The principles of MR are based on Mendel's laws of inheritance and instrumental variable estimation methods, which enable the inference of causal effects in the presence of ...
Eleanor Sanderson +10 more
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Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine, 2022 ObjectiveThis study aimed to estimate the causal effects of Coronavirus disease 2019 susceptibility and hospitalization on cardiovascular disease death using two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis.MethodsWe used statistics from a genome-wide ...
Jia-peng Miao, Xiao-yu Gu, Rui-zheng Shi
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Pleiotropy-robust Mendelian randomization [PDF]
International Journal of Epidemiology, 2016 Abstract Background The potential of Mendelian Randomization studies is rapidly expanding due to (i) the growing power of GWAS meta-analyses to detect genetic variants associated with several exposures, and (ii) the increasing availability of these genetic variants in large-scale surveys.
van Kippersluis, Hans +1 more
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Wellcome Open Research, 2020 The MendelianRandomization package is a software package written for the R software environment that implements methods for Mendelian randomization based on summarized data. In this manuscript, we describe functions that have been added to the package or
Jim R. Broadbent +5 more
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Frontiers in Public Health, 2023 BackgroundObservational studies have suggested an association between obesity and iron deficiency anemia, but such studies are susceptible to reverse causation and residual confounding.
Tingting Wang +15 more
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JAMA, 2009 Despite several observational studies showing that lipoprotein(a), or Lp(a), is associated with myocardial infarction (MI)1, 2, only circumstantial evidence exists regarding the causal nature of this association. Observational epidemiological studies, even with a sound prospective design, can provide hints to disease pathogenesis when the effect size ...
George Thanassoulis +1 more
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Wellcome Open Research, 2023 The MendelianRandomization package is a software package written for the R software environment that implements methods for Mendelian randomization based on summarized data.
Stephen Burgess +7 more
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Mendelian Randomization: Concepts and Scope [PDF]
Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine, 2021 Mendelian randomization (MR) is a method of studying the causal effects of modifiable exposures (i.e., potential risk factors) on health, social, and economic outcomes using genetic variants associated with the specific exposures of interest. MR provides a more robust understanding of the influence of these exposures on outcomes because germline ...
Richmond, Rebecca, Davey Smith, George
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Digital Health, 2023 Objective Inconsistent results were reported on the association of physical activity with ovarian cancer. However, given the limitations of confounders and inverse causation, the validity of the association remained unclear. Therefore, we conducted a two-
Jing Wang +3 more
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Methodological Challenges in Mendelian Randomization [PDF]
Epidemiology, 2014 We give critical attention to the assumptions underlying Mendelian randomization analysis and their biological plausibility. Several scenarios violating the Mendelian randomization assumptions are described, including settings with inadequate phenotype definition, the setting of time-varying exposures, the presence of gene-environment interaction, the ...
Tyler J, VanderWeele +3 more
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