Results 91 to 100 of about 212,558 (382)

Dynamin-related protein 1 is required for normal mitochondrial bioenergetic and synaptic function in CA1 hippocampal neurons. [PDF]

, 2015
Disrupting particular mitochondrial fission and fusion proteins leads to the death of specific neuronal populations; however, the normal functions of mitochondrial fission in neurons are poorly understood, especially in vivo, which limits the ...
Berthet, A, Diaz-Ramirez, LG, Gill, TM, Haddad, D, Kim, H, Lam, M, Mucke, L, Nakamura, K, Pathak, D, Ponnusamy, R, Sesaki, H, Shields, LY, Zhu, L   +12 more
core   +3 more sources

Astrocyte‐Guided Maturation of Neural Constructs in a Modular Biosynthetic Hydrogel for Biohybrid Neurotechnologies

Advanced Functional Materials, EarlyView.
A modular biosynthetic PVA–gelatin hydrogel crosslinked via visible‐light thiol‐ene chemistry is engineered as a coating for neural electrodes. Optimizing matrix composition and mechanical properties enables the hydrogel to support astrocytic populations that guide neural differentiation and functional maturation.
Martina Genta, Sofia Peressotti, Roberto Portillo‐Lara, Josef Goding, Rylie Green   +4 more
wiley   +1 more source

Brainstem Organoids From Human Pluripotent Stem Cells

Frontiers in Neuroscience, 2020
The brainstem is a posterior region of the brain, composed of three parts, midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata. It is critical in controlling heartbeat, blood pressure, and respiration, all of which are life-sustaining functions, and therefore, damages
Nobuyuki Eura, Takeshi K. Matsui, Takeshi K. Matsui, Joachim Luginbühl, Masaya Matsubayashi, Hitoki Nanaura, Hitoki Nanaura, Tomo Shiota, Kaoru Kinugawa, Naohiko Iguchi, Takao Kiriyama, Canbin Zheng, Tsukasa Kouno, Yan Jun Lan, Pornparn Kongpracha, Pattama Wiriyasermkul, Yoshihiko M. Sakaguchi, Riko Nagata, Tomoya Komeda, Naritaka Morikawa, Fumika Kitayoshi, Miyong Jong, Shinko Kobashigawa, Mari Nakanishi, Masatoshi Hasegawa, Yasuhiko Saito, Takashi Shiromizu, Yuhei Nishimura, Takahiko Kasai, Maiko Takeda, Hiroshi Kobayashi, Yusuke Inagaki, Yasuhito Tanaka, Manabu Makinodan, Toshifumi Kishimoto, Hiroki Kuniyasu, Shushi Nagamori, Alysson R. Muotri, Alysson R. Muotri, Jay W. Shin, Kazuma Sugie, Eiichiro Mori   +41 more
doaj   +1 more source

Diesel Exhaust Activates & Primes Microglia: Air Pollution, Neuroinflammation, & Regulation of Dopaminergic Neurotoxicity [PDF]

, 2011
BACKGROUND: Air pollution is linked to central nervous system disease, but the mechanisms responsible are poorly understood. OBJECTIVES: Here, we sought to address the brain-region-specific effects of diesel exhaust (DE) and key cellular mechanisms ...
Block, Michelle L, Duke, Laura, Johnson, Jo Anne, Kodavanti, Prasada, Kodavanti, Urmila, Levesque, Shannon, Lull, Melinda E., Stadler, Krisztian, Surace, Michael J., Taetzsch, Thomas, Wagner, Alison   +10 more
core   +1 more source

Contextual novelty changes reward representations in the striatum [PDF]

, 2010
Reward representation in ventral striatum is boosted by perceptual novelty, although the mechanism of this effect remains elusive. Animal studies indicate a functional loop (Lisman and Grace, 2005) that includes hippocampus, ventral striatum, and ...
Bunzeck, N., Dolan, R. J., Düzel, E., Guitart-Masip, M., Stephan, K. E.   +4 more
core   +1 more source

Cellular diversity in the Drosophila midbrain revealed by single-cell transcriptomics

bioRxiv, 2017
To understand the brain, molecular details need to be overlaid onto neural wiring diagrams so that synaptic mode, neuromodulation and critical signaling operations can be considered.
Vincent Croset, C. Treiber, S. Waddell
semanticscholar   +1 more source

A Human Neural Tube Model Using 4D Self‐Folding Smart Scaffolds

Advanced Healthcare Materials, EarlyView.
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) exhibit features comparable to the inner cell mass of the human embryo. iPSCs are applied to a novel self‐folding 4D‐Neural Tube (4D‐NT) structure that mimics the neurulation process. This 4D‐NT model recapitulates early events of human neural development and represents a platform to explore neurodevelopmental ...
Claudia Dell'Amico, Irene Chiesa, Angela Toffano, Alessio Esposito, Piera Mancini, Chiara Magliaro, Angeliki Louvi, Carmelo De Maria, Marco Onorati   +8 more
wiley   +1 more source

Red nucleus and rubrospinal tract disorganization in the absence of Pou4f1

Frontiers in Neuroanatomy, 2015
The red nucleus is a neuronal population that plays an important role in forelimb motor control and locomotion. Histologically it is subdivided into two subpopulations, the parvocellular red nucleus located in the diencephalon and the magnocellular red ...
Jesus E. eMartinez-Lopez, Juan A. eMoreno-Bravo, M. Pilar eMadrigal, Salvador eMartinez, Salvador eMartinez, Eduardo ePuelles   +5 more
doaj   +1 more source

Gut metabolite trimethylamine N-oxide induces aging-associated phenotype of midbrain organoids for the induced pluripotent stem cell-based modeling of late-onset disease

Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience, 2022
Brain organoids are valuable research models for human development and disease since they mimic the various cell compositions and structures of the human brain; however, they have challenges in presenting aging phenotypes for degenerative diseases.
Youngsun Lee, Youngsun Lee, Ji Su Kang, Ji Su Kang, On-Ju Ham, Mi-Young Son, Mi-Young Son, Mi-Ok Lee, Mi-Ok Lee   +8 more
doaj   +1 more source

Neural circuits and nicotinic acetylcholine receptors mediate the cholinergic regulation of midbrain dopaminergic neurons and nicotine dependence

Acta Pharmacologica Sinica, 2019
Midbrain dopaminergic (DA) neurons are governed by an endogenous cholinergic system, originated in the mesopontine nuclei. Nicotine hijacks nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) and interferes with physiological function of the cholinergic system ...
C. Xiao, Chunyi Zhou, Jin-hong Jiang, Cui Yin   +3 more
semanticscholar   +1 more source