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Toxicology Mechanisms and Methods, 2004
Mitochondria, cellular powerhouses, play a central role in apoptosis. In addition, they are suspected to contribute to aging. There is also increasing evidence that abnormalities in mitochondrial function help cancer development. Changes in mitochondrial transcription and oxidative phosphorylation pathways are observed in many types of cancer.
Anna, Lorenc +2 more
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Mitochondria, cellular powerhouses, play a central role in apoptosis. In addition, they are suspected to contribute to aging. There is also increasing evidence that abnormalities in mitochondrial function help cancer development. Changes in mitochondrial transcription and oxidative phosphorylation pathways are observed in many types of cancer.
Anna, Lorenc +2 more
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Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences, 2004
In this article we review our current knowledge of the mechanisms by which point mutations arise in the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and discuss to what extent these mechanisms operate in human mtDNA mutagenesis. The 3'-5' exonuclease proofreading activity of Pol gamma ensures accuracy of mtDNA replication in both yeast and ...
Foury, Françoise +2 more
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In this article we review our current knowledge of the mechanisms by which point mutations arise in the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and discuss to what extent these mechanisms operate in human mtDNA mutagenesis. The 3'-5' exonuclease proofreading activity of Pol gamma ensures accuracy of mtDNA replication in both yeast and ...
Foury, Françoise +2 more
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The evolution of mitochondrial DNA
Current Opinion in Genetics & Development, 1994Although the massive sequencing of mitochondrial DNA from various organisms, together with studies of a different nature, has contributed enormously to the knowledge of the organization and function of this cytoplasmic genome, many issues, mainly the relationships with the nuclear genome, remain unsolved.
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European Journal of Pediatrics, 2000
Over 100 pathogenic point mutations and 200 deletions, insertions, and rearrangements have been identified since the first mitochondrial DNA mutations were described in 1988. About 60% of the point mutations affect mitochondrial tRNAs, 35% affect polypeptide subunits of the respiratory chain, and 5% affect mitochondrial ribosomal RNAs.
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Over 100 pathogenic point mutations and 200 deletions, insertions, and rearrangements have been identified since the first mitochondrial DNA mutations were described in 1988. About 60% of the point mutations affect mitochondrial tRNAs, 35% affect polypeptide subunits of the respiratory chain, and 5% affect mitochondrial ribosomal RNAs.
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2023
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is a 16,569 base pair (bp) circular genome that is passed from generation to generation through the maternal line. mtDNA analysis in the context of the forensic science field usually involves unidentified human remains or missing persons. These cases tend to have more challenging sample types (e.g., rootless hairs, bone, blood,
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Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is a 16,569 base pair (bp) circular genome that is passed from generation to generation through the maternal line. mtDNA analysis in the context of the forensic science field usually involves unidentified human remains or missing persons. These cases tend to have more challenging sample types (e.g., rootless hairs, bone, blood,
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Mitochondrial DNA polymorphism in mitochondrial myopathy
Human Genetics, 1988In order to test the hypothesis that mitochondrial myopathy may be caused by mutation of the mitochondrial (mt) genome, restriction fragment length polymorphism in leucocyte mt DNA has been studied in 38 patients with mitochondrial myopathy, 44 of their unaffected matrilineal relatives, and 35 normal control subjects.
I J, Holt +2 more
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Mitochondrial DNA in Telocytes
2017Telocyte (TC) is a new identified interstitial cell type with a small nuclear and one or several long and thin prolongations with enlargements on them. They were found in many mammals including humans, mouse, rats, dogs, and monkeys and play vital roles in many physiological and pathological conditions.
Dongli, Song +2 more
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Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial DNA
Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, 2003Mitochondria produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) under physiological conditions in association with activity of the respiratory chain in aerobic ATP production. The production of ROS is essentially a function of O2 consumption. Hence, increased mitochondrial activity per se can be an oxidative stress to cells.
Dongchon, Kang, Naotaka, Hamasaki
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Mitochondrial DNA of Kinetoplastids
1992Publisher Summary This chapter highlights mitochondrial DNA of kinetoplastids. Kinetoplast DNA (kDNA) is the unusual mitochondrial DNA characteristic of members of Kinetoplastida. This DNA has two distinctive general features—namely, (1) it comprises two classes of unrelated circular molecules, maxicircles and minicircles, and (2) in each cell these ...
K, Stuart, J E, Feagin
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Mitochondrial DNA mutations and mitochondrial DNA depletion in gastric cancer
Genes, Chromosomes and Cancer, 2005AbstractGastric carcinoma is one of the most common types of cancer in Taiwan. Somatic mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) alteration in gastric carcinoma and its association with clinicopathologic features remain unclear. When we used polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and direct sequencing, 15 of the 31 (48%) gastric carcinomas displayed somatic mutations in the ...
Chew-Wun, Wu +7 more
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