Results 81 to 90 of about 232,901 (341)

Few‐Layered Conductive Graphene Foams for Electrical Transdifferentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Into Schwann Cell‐Like Phenotypes

Advanced Healthcare Materials, EarlyView.
Few‐layered three dimansional conductive graphene foams are promising cytocompatible platforms to transdifferentiate mesenchymal stem cells into Schwann cell‐like phenotypes using electrical and microstructural cues. Applied electrical stimulation conditions resulted in activation of MAPK, neurotrphin and RAS signaling pathways that led to upregulation
Ekin G. Simsar, Peifu Cheng, Tugce Dogruel, Maxsam Donta, Juhyung Jung, Naomi A. Asante, Donald S. Sakaguchi, Surya K. Mallapragada, Piran R. Kidambi, Metin Uz   +9 more
wiley   +1 more source

Akt Regulates Axon Wrapping and Myelin Sheath Thickness in the PNS

Journal of Neuroscience, 2016
The signaling pathways that regulate myelination in the PNS remain poorly understood. Phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase 1A, activated in Schwann cells by neuregulin and the extracellular matrix, has an essential role in the early events of ...
E. Domènech-Estévez, Hasna Baloui, Xiaosong Meng, Yanqing Zhang, Katrin Deinhardt, J. Dupree, S. Einheber, R. Chrast, J. Salzer   +8 more
semanticscholar   +1 more source

Quantitative myelin imaging with MRI and PET: an overview of techniques and their validation status

Brain : a journal of neurology, 2022
Myelin is the protective sheath wrapped around axons, consisting of a phospholipid bilayer with water between the wraps. The measurement of damage to the myelin sheaths, the evaluation of the efficacy of therapies aiming to promote remyelination and ...
Chris W. J. van der Weijden, E. Biondetti, Ingomar W. Gutmann, H. Dijkstra, Rory McKerchar, Daniele de Paula Faria, E. D. de Vries, J. Meilof, R. Dierckx, V. Prevost, Alexander Rauscher   +10 more
semanticscholar   +1 more source

Ultrasound in Women's Health: Mechanisms, Applications, and Emerging Opportunities

Advanced Materials, EarlyView.
As healthcare moves toward decentralization, ultrasound technologies are evolving from strictly imaging tools in clinical settings into versatile diagnostic and therapeutic platforms, with growing roles addressing women's health needs. This review highlights how ultrasound's underlying physical mechanisms can be harnessed to reduce disparities in women'
Sarah B. Ornellas, Bilal Kizilaslan, Aastha Shah, Jason F. Hou, Yoonsoo Shin, Alejandra Hernandez Moyers, Claudia Lozano, Canan Dagdeviren   +7 more
wiley   +1 more source

The roles of microglia and astrocytes in myelin phagocytosis in the central nervous system

Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism, 2022
Myelination is an important process in the central nervous system (CNS). Oligodendrocytes (OLs) extend multiple layers to densely sheath on axons, composing the myelin to achieve efficient electrical signal conduction.
Tongtong Xu, Chang Liu, Shiyu Deng, Lin Gan, Zhi-jun Zhang, Guo-Yuan Yang, Heng-Song Tian, Yaohui Tang   +7 more
semanticscholar   +1 more source

Extent and mechanism of sealing in transected giant axons of squid and earthworms [PDF]

, 1994
Transected axons are often assumed to seal at their cut ends by the formation of continuous membrane barriers that allow for the restoration of function in the axonal stumps.
Ballinger, Martis L., Bittner, George D., Fishman, Harvey M., Krause, Todd L.   +3 more
core   +1 more source

Tuning PAK Activity to Rescue Abnormal Myelin Permeability in HNPP.

PLoS Genetics, 2016
Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous systems extend their membranes to wrap axons concentrically and form the insulating sheath, called myelin. The spaces between layers of myelin are sealed by myelin junctions.
Bo Hu, Sezgi Arpag, Xuebao Zhang, Wiebke Möbius, Hauke Werner, Gina Sosinsky, Mark Ellisman, Yang Zhang, Audra Hamilton, Jonathan Chernoff, Jun Li   +10 more
doaj   +1 more source

Piezoelectric Stimulation of Neural Cells: Exploring the Synergistic Potential of Hybrid Scaffolds for Enhanced Regeneration

Advanced Materials Interfaces, EarlyView.
Hybrid piezoelectric scaffolds offer a promising route for Central Nervous System regeneration by combining structural and electrical cues to support neural stem cell growth. This review highlights their potential to overcome current challenges in neural tissue engineering by exploring porous hybrid materials, their biological interactions, and ...
Heather F. Titterton, Chris R. Bowen, Hamideh Khanbareh   +2 more
wiley   +1 more source

Myelin Fat Facts: An Overview of Lipids and Fatty Acid Metabolism

Cells, 2020
Myelin is critical for the proper function of the nervous system and one of the most complex cell–cell interactions of the body. Myelination allows for the rapid conduction of action potentials along axonal fibers and provides physical and trophic ...
Y. Poitelon, Ashley M. Kopec, Sophie Belin   +2 more
semanticscholar   +1 more source

MyelTracer: A Semi-Automated Software for Myelin g-Ratio Quantification

eNeuro, 2021
Visual Abstract In the central and peripheral nervous systems, the myelin sheath promotes neuronal signal transduction. The thickness of the myelin sheath changes during development and in disease conditions like multiple sclerosis.
Tobias Kaiser, H. Allen, O. Kwon, B. Barak, Jing Wang, Zhigang He, Minqing Jiang, G. Feng   +7 more
semanticscholar   +1 more source