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Progresses on three pattern recognition receptor families (TLRs, RLRs and NLRs) in teleost
Developmental & Comparative Immunology, 2021Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) are a class of immune sensors that play crucial roles in detecting and responding to the conserved patterns of microorganisms. To date, many PRRs, such as TLRs, RLRs and NLRs, as well as their downstream molecules have been identified and characterized in teleost, while their ligands and immunoregulatory mechanisms ...
Zhiwei Liao, Jianguo Su
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2021
Plants constantly face pathogen threat. To defend themselves, plants evolved an immune system comprised of extracellular pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) and intracellular nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat (NLR) proteins. NLRs, which sense pathogen effector proteins, can be further categorized as sensor NLRs (sNLRs) or helper NLRs (hNLRs ...
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Plants constantly face pathogen threat. To defend themselves, plants evolved an immune system comprised of extracellular pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) and intracellular nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat (NLR) proteins. NLRs, which sense pathogen effector proteins, can be further categorized as sensor NLRs (sNLRs) or helper NLRs (hNLRs ...
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NLR, the nucleotide-binding domain leucine-rich repeat containing gene family
Current Opinion in Immunology, 2008The NLR (nucleotide-binding domain leucine-rich repeat containing) family is found in plants and animals, and serves as crucial regulators of inflammatory and innate immune response, though its functions are likely to extend greatly beyond innate immunity, and even beyond the immune system.
Zhengmao, Ye, Jenny Pan-Yun, Ting
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Biochemical exploration of EDS1 family proteins and their interaction with helper-NLRs
2023EDS1 family members are important immune hubs which influence many aspects of plant defense. In Arabidopsis, there are three EDS1 proteins: EDS1, SAG101, and PAD4. In unchallenged plants EDS1 is forming heterodimers with SAG101 and PAD4, respectively, and both heterodimers are important for TNL-mediated immune responses.
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The evolution of plant NLR immune receptors and downstream signal components
Current Opinion in Plant Biology, 2023Yan-Mei Zhang, Zhu-Qing Shao
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