Results 51 to 60 of about 2,726 (151)

Inactivity‐induced phrenic motor facilitation (iPMF) requires atypical PKCζ activity within phrenic motor neurons

The FASEB Journal, 2013
Reduced respiratory neural activity elicits a rebound increase in phrenic amplitude once respiratory neural activity is restored, a form of spinal plasticity termed inactivity‐induced phrenic motor facilitation (iPMF). We tested the hypothesis that the zeta isoform of atypical PKC (PKCζ) is necessary within phrenic motor neurons (PMNs) for iPMF.
Nathan Andrew Baertsch, Joel A Shires, Tracy L Baker‐Herman   +2 more
openaire   +1 more source

Pulmonary arterial mechanoreceptors mediate sustained sympathoexcitation during high altitude hypoxia in humans

Experimental Physiology, EarlyView.
Abstract Sympathetic nervous system activation is a hallmark of high‐altitude hypoxia, yet the afferent mechanisms remain incompletely defined. We examined the relative contributions of pulmonary arterial mechanoreceptors and carotid chemoreceptors – two excitatory pathways co‐activated by hypoxia – to sustained sympathoexcitation at altitude.
Michiel T. Ewalts, Lydia L. Simpson, Jack S. Talbot, Elliott J. Jenkins, Travis D. Gibbons, Connor A. Howe, Lauren E. Maier, Emily R. Vanden Berg, Alex M. Williams, Philip N. Ainslie, Samuel J. Oliver, Craig D. Steinback, Mike Stembridge, Jonathan P. Moore   +13 more
wiley   +1 more source

EphrinB2 knockdown in cervical spinal cord preserves diaphragm innervation in a mutant SOD1 mouse model of ALS

eLife
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by motor neuron loss. Importantly, non-neuronal cell types such as astrocytes also play significant roles in disease pathogenesis.
Mark W Urban, Brittany A Charsar, Nicolette M Heinsinger, Shashirekha S Markandaiah, Lindsay Sprimont, Wei Zhou, Eric V Brown, Nathan T Henderson, Samantha J Thomas, Biswarup Ghosh, Rachel E Cain, Davide Trotti, Piera Pasinelli, Megan C Wright, Matthew B Dalva, Angelo C Lepore   +15 more
doaj   +1 more source

Pulmonary arterial mechanoreceptors modulate exercise‐induced sympathetic activation in healthy humans during moderate‐intensity hypoxic exercise

The Journal of Physiology, EarlyView.
Abstract figure legend This randomized cross‐over trial (N = 12) addressed the hypothesis that selective reduction of pulmonary arterial pressure (i.e. manipulation of pulmonary arterial mechanoreceptor activation) during hypoxic exercise would reduce sympathetic outflow (muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA)) in healthy humans.
Michiel T. Ewalts, Thomas D. Griffiths, Andrew J. M. Douglas, Elliott J. Jenkins, Guto Wyn Hughes, Craig D. Steinback, Lydia L. Simpson, Samuel J. Oliver, Mike Stembridge, Jonathan P. Moore   +9 more
wiley   +1 more source

Reduced phrenic motoneuron recruitment during sustained inspiratory threshold loading compared to single-breath loading: a twitch interpolation study

Frontiers in Physiology, 2016
In humans, inspiratory constraints engage cortical networks involving the supplementary motor area. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) shows that the spread and intensity of the corresponding respiratory-related cortical activation dramatically
Mathieu Raux, Alexandre DEMOULE, Stefania REDOLFI, Capucine MORELOT-PANZINI, Thomas Similowski   +4 more
doaj   +1 more source

Cannabinoid exposure during pregnancy: Cardiorespiratory effects and offspring outcomes

The Journal of Physiology, EarlyView.
Abstract figure legend Prenatal exposure to cannabinoids has been investigated across human and animal studies to understand its impact on physiological development. Evidence suggests that early‐life cannabinoid exposure influence multiple developmental processes, extending beyond neurodevelopmental outcomes to potentially affect placental function ...
Luis Gustavo A. Patrone, Luciane H. Gargaglioni   +1 more
wiley   +1 more source

Rnf165/Ark2C enhances BMP-Smad signaling to mediate motor axon extension.

PLoS Biology, 2013
Little is known about extrinsic signals required for the advancement of motor neuron (MN) axons, which extend over long distances in the periphery to form precise connections with target muscles. Here we present that Rnf165 (Arkadia-like; Arkadia2; Ark2C)
Claire E Kelly, Efstathia Thymiakou, James E Dixon, Shinya Tanaka, Jonathan Godwin, Vasso Episkopou   +5 more
doaj   +1 more source

A Latent Propriospinal Network Can Restore Diaphragm Function after High Cervical Spinal Cord Injury

Cell Reports, 2017
Spinal cord injury (SCI) above cervical level 4 disrupts descending axons from the medulla that innervate phrenic motor neurons, causing permanent paralysis of the diaphragm. Using an ex vivo preparation in neonatal mice, we have identified an excitatory
Jared M. Cregg, Kevin A. Chu, Lydia E. Hager, Rachel S.J. Maggard, Daimen R. Stoltz, Michaela Edmond, Warren J. Alilain, Polyxeni Philippidou, Lynn T. Landmesser, Jerry Silver   +9 more
doaj   +1 more source

Elevated carotid body tonic activity contributes to ventilatory acclimatization and de‐acclimatization to high altitude at rest and during exercise

The Journal of Physiology, EarlyView.
Abstract figure legend Participants spent 13 days at high altitude (3800 m), where the reduced inspired oxygen pressure (↓PiO2$ \downarrow {P_{{\mathrm{i}}{{\mathrm{O}}_2}}}$) which elicited ventilatory acclimatization and increased inhibition of ventilation by transient hyperoxia (ΔV̇E$\Delta {\dot V_{\mathrm{E}}}$).
Ayechew A. Getu, L. Madden Brewster, Travis D. Gibbons, James D. Anholm, Michael Stembridge, Philip N. Ainslie, Jay M. J. R. Carr   +6 more
wiley   +1 more source

Modification of Hypoxic Respiratory Response by Protein Tyrosine Kinase in Brainstem Ventral Respiratory Neuron Group.

PLoS ONE, 2016
Protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) mediated the tyrosine phosphorylation modification of neuronal receptors and ion channels. Whether such modification resulted in changes of physiological functions was not sufficiently studied.
Hui Wang, Ruituo Huai, Junqing Yang, Yanchun Li   +3 more
doaj   +1 more source