Results 71 to 80 of about 3,057 (188)

Multimodal Breathing Control: Pontomedullary Mechanisms and Current Perspectives

BioEssays, Volume 47, Issue 11, November 2025.
Breathing is typically automatic, ensuring homeostasis, but it is also shaped by emotion, behavior, and volition. This review synthesizes our current understanding of the flexible neural mechanisms that enable multimodal control of breathing, emphasizing the role of pontomedullary circuits.
Nathan A. Baertsch, Elora Reily, Jonathan Sedano, Ryan S. Phillips, Joseph W. Arthurs   +4 more
wiley   +1 more source

Gut sensing of food ingredients and interoception‐mediated regulation of feeding and glucose metabolism

Physiological Reports, Volume 13, Issue 21, November 2025.
Abstract Food intake not only provides pleasure through exteroceptive sensations such as taste and smell but also elicits beneficial physiological effects via interoceptive signals arising from the gastrointestinal tract and beyond. Among these interoceptive pathways, vagal sensory (vagal afferent) nerves play a central role in transmitting food ...
Kengo Iba, Rika Kitano, Yusaku Iwasaki
wiley   +1 more source

Targeting G9a decreases escalated alcohol drinking in male mice in a model of combined stress and chronic alcohol exposure

Alcohol, Clinical and Experimental Research, Volume 49, Issue 10, Page 2267-2277, October 2025.
Targeting dependence‐ and/or stress‐escalated alcohol drinking could help patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD). We found that reducing the activity of the epigenetic regulatory enzyme G9a (aka euchromatic histone‐lysine N‐methyltransferase 2 or EHMT2) either by a viral knockdown in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) or by repeated systemic administration ...
Marcelo F. Lopez, Paulina Misztak, Howard C. Becker, Christopher W. Cowan, Ethan M. Anderson   +4 more
wiley   +1 more source

Functional Characteristics of Bioactive Millet Peptides: A Comprehensive Review

Future Postharvest and Food, Volume 2, Issue 3, Page 220-236, September 2025.
The graphical abstract of this paper highlights the functional characteristics of bioactive peptides derived from millets. It is a promising ingredient and can be used in various applications in food, pharmaceuticals, and healthcare industries and possess biological functions.
Kouser Jan, Aamir Hussain Dar, Kshirod Kumar Dash, Shivangi Srivastava, Vinay Kumar Pandey, Parmjit S. Panesar, Wani Suhana Ayoub, Entesar Hanan, Iqra Bashir, Anurag Singh, Shafat Ahmad Khan   +10 more
wiley   +1 more source

Neuronal adaptation to amphetamine and dopamine: Molecular mechanisms of prodynorphin gene regulation in rat striatum [PDF]

, 1995
Induction of prodynorphin gene expression by psychostimulant drugs may represent a compensatory adaptation to excessive dopamine stimulation and may contribute to the aversive aspects of withdrawal.
Konradi, Christine, Hyman, Steven E, Douglass, James, Cole, Rebecca L   +3 more
core   +1 more source

Stress alters hypothalamic gene expression in adolescent male Golden hamsters

Journal of Neuroendocrinology, Volume 37, Issue 9, September 2025.
Abstract In Golden hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus), a two‐week exposure to chronic social stress in adolescence causes acceleration of agonistic behavior, enhanced adult aggression, impaired waiting impulsivity, and higher food intake, body fat, and long‐term increased body weight.
Kevin M. Moran, Tyler M. Milewski, James P. Curley, Yvon Delville   +3 more
wiley   +1 more source

Association between heroin dependence and prodynorphin gene polymorphisms

Brain Research Bulletin, 2011
Dynorphin peptides and k-opioid receptor are important in the rewarding effects of drugs of abuse such as heroin. This study examined potential association between heroin dependence and four single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of prodynorphin (PDYN) gene (rs35286281 in promoter region and rs1022563, rs2235749, rs910080 in 3'UTR).
S G, Wei, Y S, Zhu, J H, Lai, H X, Xue, Z Q, Chai, S B, Li   +5 more
openaire   +2 more sources

Expression of prodynorphin-derived peptides and mRNA in guinea-pig cortex [PDF]

, 1993
The distributions and extent of processing of four prodynorphin-derived peptides (dynorphin A (1-17), dynorphin A (1-8), dynorphin B, and [alpha]-neoendorphin) were determined in ten regions of the cortex as well as in the striatum of the guinea-pig ...
Meador-Woodruff, James H., Ramsdell, C. D.   +1 more
core   +1 more source

Prodynorphin mRNA is synthesized in adult cultured rat ventricular cardiomyocytes

, 1993
In the myocardial cell, stimulation of the K opioid receptor is involved in the modulation of cytosolic calcium and pH homeostasis, as well as in the regulation of myofilament responsiveness to calcium.
Carboni L., Caldarera C. M., Ventura C., Canossa M., Vaona I., Spampinato S., Guarnieri C.   +6 more
core   +1 more source

A genetic polymorphism of the endogenous opioid dynorphin modulates monetary reward anticipation in the corticostriatal loop.

PLoS ONE, 2014
The dynorphin/κ-opioid receptor (KOP-R) system has been shown to play a role in different types of behavior regulation, including reward-related behavior and drug craving.
Mikhail Votinov, Mikhail Votinov, Juergen Pripfl, Christian Windischberger, Klaudius Kalcher, Alexander Zimprich, Fritz Zimprich, Ewald Moser, Claus Lamm, Uta Sailer   +9 more
doaj   +1 more source