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R Factor Transmission In Vivo

Journal of Bacteriology, 1969
Experimental infections were induced in weanling pigs orally both with nalidixic acid (NA)-sensitive and -resistant strains of Salmonella choleraesuis var. kunzendorf , designated RC221 and RC221NA, respectively. Prior to the time of infection, cultures of normal bacterial flora were isolated
H, Jarolmen, G, Kemp
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The Ecology of R Factors

New England Journal of Medicine, 1970
THE ability of many gram-negative bacilli to resist certain commonly used antibiotics has been shown to be mediated in large part by R factors.
D H, Smith, P, Gardner
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R Factors for Aminoglycoside Antibiotics

Journal of Infectious Diseases, 1969
The definition of R factors by Japanese scientists 10 years ago opened a new chapter in the saga of antibiotic resistance among enteric bacteria [1]. This package of extrachromosomal genes, comprised of the resistance determinants, which mediate resistance to a variety of environmental hazards, and the resistance transfer factors (RTF), which mediate ...
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Compatibility Groups among fi− R Factors

Nature, 1971
TRANSMISSIBLE R factors in bacteria are divisible into two main classes, fi+ (fertility inhibition +) and fi−, according to their effect on F mediated conjugation1. fi+ R factors determine F-like pili2. Some fi− R factors determine pili similar to those specified by col I (I-type pili)3 which can be recognized as receptors for I-specific phages like ...
N, Datta, R W, Hedges
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The molecular nature of R-factors

Journal of Molecular Biology, 1966
The acquisition of infectious multiple drug resistance factors by Proteus mirabilis was correlated with the addition of one or more physically recognizable, native, satellite DNA fractions. The spontaneous loss of one or more drug resistance characteristics carried by R-factors was correlated with either an apparent loss of particular density regions
Stanley Falkow   +3 more
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R Factors in X-ray fiber diffraction. II. Largest likely R factors

Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations of Crystallography, 1989
The largest likely R factor (that for a structure uncorrelated with the correct structure) is smaller for an X-ray fiber diffraction analysis than for a traditional single-crystal analysis. For example, the largest likely R factor for tobacco mosaic virus determined by fiber diffraction at 3 A resolution is 0.31, compared to 0.59 for a single-crystal ...
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Cancer and the unavoidable R factor

Science, 2017
Cancer Etiology Most textbooks attribute cancer-causing mutations to two major sources: inherited and environmental factors. A recent study highlighted the prominent role in cancer of replicative (R) mutations that arise from a third source: unavoidable errors associated with DNA replication. Tomasetti et al.
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Independence number, connectivity, and r‐factors

Journal of Graph Theory, 1989
AbstractWe show that if r ⩾ 1 is an odd integer and G is a graph with |V(G)| even such that k(G) ⩾ (r + 1)2/2 and (r + 1)2α(G) ⩽ 4rk(G), then G has an r‐factor; if r ⩾ 2 is even and G is a graph with k(G) ⩾ r(r + 2)/2 and (r + 2)α(G) ⩽ 4k(G), then G has an r‐factor (where k(G) and α(G) denote the connectivity and the independence number of G ...
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