Results 31 to 40 of about 6,288,081 (333)

Dorsal and ventral striatal dopamine D1 and D2 receptors differentially modulate distinct phases of serial visual reversal learning

Neuropsychopharmacology, 2020
Impaired cognitive flexibility in visual reversal-learning tasks has been observed in a wide range of neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders. Although both human and animal studies have implicated striatal D2-like and D1-like receptors (D2R; D1R) in
Júlia Sala-Bayo, Leanne Fiddian, S. Nilsson, M. E. Hervig, C. Mckenzie, Alexis Mareschi, M. Boulos, P. Zhukovsky, J. Nicholson, J. Dalley, J. Alsiö, T. Robbins   +11 more
semanticscholar   +1 more source

Learning and motor inhibitory control in crows and domestic chickens

Royal Society Open Science, 2021
Cognitive abilities allow animals to navigate through complex, fluctuating environments. In the present study, we tested the performance of a captive group of eight crows, Corvus corone and 10 domestic chickens, Gallus gallus domesticus, in the cylinder ...
Claudia A. F. Wascher, Katie Allen, Georgine Szipl   +2 more
doaj   +1 more source

Basal ganglia role in learning rewarded actions and executing previously learned choices: Healthy and diseased states [PDF]

, 2020
The basal ganglia (BG) is a collection of nuclei located deep beneath the cerebral cortex that is involved in learning and selection of rewarded actions. Here, we analyzed BG mechanisms that enable these functions.
Atwood, Brady, Kuznetsov, Alexey, Mulcahy, Garrett   +2 more
core   +1 more source

Parallel learning and cognitive flexibility impairments between Fmr1 knockout mice and individuals with fragile X syndrome

Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience, 2023
IntroductionFragile X Syndrome (FXS) is a monogenic condition that leads to intellectual disability along with behavioral and learning difficulties. Among behavioral and learning difficulties, cognitive flexibility impairments are among the most commonly
Lauren M. Schmitt, Lauren M. Schmitt, Anna L. Arzuaga, Ashley Dapore, Jason Duncan, Maya Patel, John R. Larson, Craig A. Erickson, Craig A. Erickson, John A. Sweeney, Michael E. Ragozzino   +10 more
doaj   +1 more source

Dysfunction of Orbitofrontal GABAergic Interneurons Leads to Impaired Reversal Learning in a Mouse Model of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder.

Current Biology, 2020
Cognitive inflexibility is a cardinal symptom of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and often manifests as impaired reversal learning. Abnormal recruitment of the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC)-striatal circuit is implicated in reversal learning deficits in
Zichen Yang, Geming Wu, Min Liu, Xiaohong Sun, Qunyuan Xu, Chen Zhang, Huimeng Lei   +6 more
semanticscholar   +1 more source

Strains and stressors: an analysis of touchscreen learning in genetically diverse mouse strains.

PLoS ONE, 2014
Touchscreen-based systems are growing in popularity as a tractable, translational approach for studying learning and cognition in rodents. However, while mouse strains are well known to differ in learning across various settings, performance variation ...
Carolyn Graybeal, Munisa Bachu, Khyobeni Mozhui, Lisa M Saksida, Timothy J Bussey, Erica Sagalyn, Robert W Williams, Andrew Holmes   +7 more
doaj   +1 more source

Differential brain activity during emotional versus nonemotional reversal learning [PDF]

, 2012
The ability to change an established stimulus–behavior association based on feedback is critical for adaptive social behaviors. This ability has been examined in reversal learning tasks, where participants first learn a stimulus–response association (e.g.
Mather, Mara, Nashiro, Kaoru, Nga, Lin, Sakaki, Michiko   +3 more
core   +1 more source

Separating Probability and Reversal Learning in a Novel Probabilistic Reversal Learning Task for Mice

Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience, 2020
The exploration/exploitation tradeoff – pursuing a known reward vs. sampling from lesser known options in the hope of finding a better payoff – is a fundamental aspect of learning and decision making.
Jeremy A Metha, M. Brian, Sara Oberrauch, S. Barnes, T. Featherby, P. Bossaerts, Carsten Murawski, D. Hoyer, L. Jacobson   +8 more
semanticscholar   +1 more source

Rule learning enhances structural plasticity of long-range axons in frontal cortex. [PDF]

, 2016
Rules encompass cue-action-outcome associations used to guide decisions and strategies in a specific context. Subregions of the frontal cortex including the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) and dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC) are implicated in rule ...
Johnson, Carolyn, Peckler, Hannah, Tai, Lung-Hao, Wilbrecht, Linda   +3 more
core   +5 more sources

The Search for Invertebrate Consciousness [PDF]

, 2020
There is no agreement on whether any invertebrates are conscious and no agreement on a methodology that could settle the issue. How can the debate move forward?
Birch, Jonathan
core   +3 more sources