Results 1 to 10 of about 15,315 (196)

Establishing the Kenya National Antivenom Quality Control Laboratory: Preclinical Efficacy Results of Four Antivenoms Against Venoms from the “Big Five” Snake Species in Kenya [PDF]

Toxins
Antivenom administration is currently the only therapy for snakebite envenoming. However, in sub-Saharan Africa, inadequate quality control systems have led to deficits in the availability, accessibility, efficacy and safety of regionally available ...
Valentine Musabyimana, John M. Kagira, Jacob Lubuya, Caroline W. Ngugi, Brian M. Musau, Wathuto Ogopotse, Geoffrey Maranga, Dennis Kotti, Pamela M. Khasandi, Ezekiel Adino, Brent C. Thomas, Cassandra M. Modahl, Peter G. Mwethera, Robert A. Harrison, Nicholas R. Casewell, George O. Oluoch   +15 more
doaj   +2 more sources

Virus-like particles displaying conserved toxin epitopes stimulate polyspecific, murine antibody responses capable of snake venom recognition

Scientific Reports, 2022
Antivenom is currently the first-choice treatment for snakebite envenoming. However, only a low proportion of antivenom immunoglobulins are specific to venom toxins, resulting in poor dose efficacy and potency.
Stefanie K. Menzies, Charlotte A. Dawson, Edouard Crittenden, Rebecca J. Edge, Steven R. Hall, Jaffer Alsolaiss, Mark C. Wilkinson, Nicholas R. Casewell, Robert A. Harrison, Stuart Ainsworth   +9 more
doaj   +1 more source

Namibian spitting cobra, Naja nigricincta nigricincta (Zebra snake): Antibiotic profile of bacteria cultured from the oral pharynx, venom and snakebite wounds

South African Medical Journal, 2023
This was a cross-sectional study with the aim of characterising Naja nigricincta nigricincta’s oral bacterial flora as well as accompanying sensitivities and resistance towards antibiotics.
E Saaiman, C Buys, F Theart
doaj   +1 more source

Fatal infective necrotising fasciitis: Complication following Naja nigricincta nigricincta bite (western barred spitting cobra/zebra snake)

South African Medical Journal, 2022
Wound infections following cytotoxic snakebites are common. Bites from Naja nigricincta nigricincta (an African spitting cobra) usually present as severe dermonecrosis spreading within the subdermal fascia layer.
EL Saaiman, PJ (Christo) Buys
doaj   +1 more source

Exploring the Utility of Recombinant Snake Venom Serine Protease Toxins as Immunogens for Generating Experimental Snakebite Antivenoms

Toxins, 2022
Snakebite is a neglected tropical disease that causes high rates of global mortality and morbidity. Although snakebite can cause a variety of pathologies in victims, haemotoxic effects are particularly common and are typically characterised by ...
Nessrin Alomran, Patricia Blundell, Jaffer Alsolaiss, Edouard Crittenden, Stuart Ainsworth, Charlotte A. Dawson, Rebecca J. Edge, Steven R. Hall, Robert A. Harrison, Mark C. Wilkinson, Stefanie K. Menzies, Nicholas R. Casewell   +11 more
doaj   +1 more source

Physiological constraints dictate toxin spatial heterogeneity in snake venom glands

BMC Biology, 2022
Background Venoms are ecological innovations that have evolved numerous times, on each occasion accompanied by the co-evolution of specialised morphological and behavioural characters for venom production and delivery.
Taline D. Kazandjian, Brett R. Hamilton, Samuel D. Robinson, Steven R. Hall, Keirah E. Bartlett, Paul Rowley, Mark C. Wilkinson, Nicholas R. Casewell, Eivind A. B. Undheim   +8 more
doaj   +1 more source

Delays, fears and training needs: Perspectives of health workers on clinical management of snakebite revealed by a qualitative study in Kitui County, Kenya

Toxicon: X, 2021
Key aims of the WHO Strategy to halve snakebite morbidity and mortality include health system strengthening and training of health workers. This requires knowledge of local health system needs and capacity, health worker training needs, and factors ...
Kieran Barnes, Cecelia Ngari, Stanley Parkurito, Leo Wood, Denis Otundo, Robert Harrison, George O. Oluoch, Anna Trelfa, Clare Baker   +8 more
doaj   +1 more source

Commercial Antivenoms Exert Broad Paraspecific Immunological Binding and In Vitro Inhibition of Medically Important Bothrops Pit Viper Venoms

Toxins, 2022
Snakebite envenoming is a life threatening neglected tropical disease that represents a considerable public health concern in the tropics. Viperid snakes of the genus Bothrops are among those of greatest medical importance in Latin America, and they ...
Jaffer Alsolaiss, Nessrin Alomran, Laura Hawkins, Nicholas R. Casewell   +3 more
doaj   +1 more source

Snakebite envenoming [PDF]

Nature Reviews Disease Primers, 2017
Snakebite envenoming is a neglected tropical disease that kills >100,000 people and maims >400,000 people every year. Impoverished populations living in the rural tropics are particularly vulnerable; snakebite envenoming perpetuates the cycle of poverty. Snake venoms are complex mixtures of proteins that exert a wide range of toxic actions.
Gutiérrez, J, Calvete, J, Habib, A, Harrison, R, Williams, D, Warrell, D   +5 more
openaire   +5 more sources

Profiling the Murine Acute Phase and Inflammatory Responses to African Snake Venom: An Approach to Inform Acute Snakebite Pathology

Toxins, 2022
Snake envenoming causes rapid systemic and local effects that often result in fatal or long-term disability outcomes. It seems likely that acute phase and inflammatory responses contribute to these haemorrhagic, coagulopathic, neurotoxic, nephrotoxic and
Jaffer Alsolaiss, Chloe A. Evans, George O. Oluoch, Nicholas R. Casewell, Robert A. Harrison   +4 more
doaj   +1 more source