Results 31 to 40 of about 2,629 (205)

Composition and toxicity of venom produced by araneophagous white-tailed spiders (Lamponidae: Lampona sp.)

Scientific Reports, 2022
Prey-specialised spiders are adapted to capture specific prey items, including dangerous prey. The venoms of specialists are often prey-specific and less complex than those of generalists, but their venom composition has not been studied in detail. Here,
Ondřej Michálek, Andrew A. Walker, Ondrej Šedo, Zbyněk Zdráhal, Glenn F. King, Stano Pekár   +5 more
doaj   +1 more source

Sphingomyelinase D Activity in Sicarius tropicus Venom: Toxic Potential and Clues to the Evolution of SMases D in the Sicariidae Family

Toxins, 2021
The spider family Sicariidae includes three genera, Hexophthalma, Sicarius and Loxosceles. The three genera share a common characteristic in their venoms: the presence of Sphingomyelinases D (SMase D).
Priscila Hess Lopes, Caroline Sayuri Fukushima, Rosana Shoji, Rogério Bertani, Denise V. Tambourgi   +4 more
doaj   +1 more source

Brown Spider (Loxosceles) Venom Toxins as Potential Biotools for the Development of Novel Therapeutics

Toxins, 2019
Brown spider envenomation results in dermonecrosis with gravitational spreading characterized by a marked inflammatory reaction and with lower prevalence of systemic manifestations such as renal failure and hematological disturbances. Several toxins make
Daniele Chaves-Moreira, Fernando Hitomi Matsubara, Zelinda Schemczssen-Graeff, Elidiana De Bona, Vanessa Ribeiro Heidemann, Clara Guerra-Duarte, Luiza Helena Gremski, Carlos Chávez-Olórtegui, Andrea Senff-Ribeiro, Olga Meiri Chaim, Raghuvir Krishnaswamy Arni, Silvio Sanches Veiga   +11 more
doaj   +1 more source

Transcriptomic Analysis of the Spider Venom Gland Reveals Venom Diversity and Species Consanguinity

Toxins, 2019
Selenocosmia jiafu (S. jiafu) has been recently identified as a new species of spider in China. It lives in the same habitat as various other venomous spiders, including Chilobrachys jingzhao (C. jingzhao), Selenocosmia huwena (S. huwena), and Macrothele
Zhaotun Hu, Bo Chen, Zhen Xiao, Xi Zhou, Zhonghua Liu   +4 more
doaj   +1 more source

A Web of Coagulotoxicity: Failure of Antivenom to Neutralize the Destructive (Non-Clotting) Fibrinogenolytic Activity of Loxosceles and Sicarius Spider Venoms

Toxins, 2020
Envenomations are complex medical emergencies that can have a range of symptoms and sequelae. The only specific, scientifically-validated treatment for envenomation is antivenom administration, which is designed to alleviate venom effects.
Dwin Grashof, Christina N. Zdenek, James S. Dobson, Nicholas J. Youngman, Francisco Coimbra, Melisa Benard-Valle, Alejandro Alagon, Bryan G. Fry   +7 more
doaj   +1 more source

A roadmap to the enzymes from spider venom: biochemical ecology, molecular diversity, and value for the bioeconomy

Frontiers in Arachnid Science
Spiders are ancient and highly successful predators, which use venom for both predation and defense. Their venoms are complex mixtures of potent biological molecules, emerging as a prolific source of biomolecular innovation in agriculture, biomedicine ...
Josephine Dresler, Josephine Dresler, Ignazio Avella, Ignazio Avella, Maik Damm, Maik Damm, Ludwig Dersch, Ludwig Dersch, Jonas Krämer, Jonas Krämer, Andreas Vilcinskas, Andreas Vilcinskas, Andreas Vilcinskas, Tim Lüddecke, Tim Lüddecke   +14 more
doaj   +1 more source

Chemical and Biological Characteristics of Antimicrobial α-Helical Peptides Found in Solitary Wasp Venoms and Their Interactions with Model Membranes

Toxins, 2019
Solitary wasps use their stinging venoms for paralyzing insect or spider prey and feeding them to their larvae. We have surveyed bioactive substances in solitary wasp venoms, and found antimicrobial peptides together with some other bioactive peptides ...
Marcia Perez dos Santos Cabrera, Marisa Rangel, João Ruggiero Neto, Katsuhiro Konno   +3 more
doaj   +1 more source

Molecular Spiders in One Dimension [PDF]

Journal of Statistical Mechanics P08027 (2007), 2007
Molecular spiders are synthetic bio-molecular systems which have "legs" made of short single-stranded segments of DNA. Spiders move on a surface covered with single-stranded DNA segments complementary to legs. Different mappings are established between various models of spiders and simple exclusion processes.
arxiv   +1 more source

An Economic Dilemma between Molecular Weapon Systems May Explain an Arachno-Atypical Venom in Wasp Spiders (Argiope bruennichi)

Biomolecules, 2020
Spiders use venom to subdue their prey, but little is known about the diversity of venoms in different spider families. Given the limited data available for orb-weaver spiders (Araneidae), we selected the wasp spider Argiope bruennichi for detailed ...
Tim Lüddecke, Björn M. von Reumont, Frank Förster, André Billion, Thomas Timm, Günter Lochnit, Andreas Vilcinskas, Sarah Lemke   +7 more
doaj   +1 more source

Cooperative effects enhance the transport properties of molecular spider teams [PDF]

Phys. Rev. E 87, 032706 (2013), 2013
Molecular spiders are synthetic molecular motors based on DNA nanotechnology. While natural molecular motors have evolved towards very high efficiency, it remains a major challenge to develop efficient designs for man-made molecular motors. Inspired by biological motor proteins like kinesin and myosin, molecular spiders comprise a body and several legs.
arxiv   +1 more source