Results 91 to 100 of about 141,474 (306)

A Dopamine-Acetylcholine Cascade: Simulating Learned and Lesion-Induced Behavior of Striatal Cholinergic Interneurons [PDF]

, 2007
The "teaching signal" that modulates reinforcement learning at cortico-striatal synapses may be a sequence composed of an adaptively scaled DA burst, a brief ACh burst, and a scaled ACh pause.
Bullock, Daniel, Tan, Can Ozan
core   +1 more source

Inhibition of Phosphodiesterase 10A by MP‐10 Rescues Behavioral Deficits and Normalizes Microglial Morphology and Synaptic Pruning in A Mouse Model of FOXP1 Syndrome

Advanced Science, EarlyView.
We demonstrate that Foxp1± mice, modeling FOXP1 haploinsufficiency, exhibit behavioral deficits, striatal neuroinflammatory changes including altered microglial complexity and synaptic pruning, and markedly reduced Pde10a expression. Pde10a inhibition starting immediately after birth restores Foxp1± behavior, microglial morphology, and pruning ...
Henning Fröhlich, Jing Wang, Ferdinand Althammer, Tim Schubert, Nina Kluck, Valery Grinevich, Stefanie Schmitteckert, Christian P. Schaaf, Gudrun A. Rappold   +8 more
wiley   +1 more source

3D Brain Vascular Niche Model Captures Glioblastoma Infiltration, Dormancy, and Gene Signatures

Advanced Science, EarlyView.
This study developed a 3D brain vascular niche model that capture the key features of glioblastoma including perivascular infiltration, gene signature, dormancy and chemo resistance, by comparing 3D model with in vivo condition using identical glioma stem cells.
Vivian K. Lee, Rut Tejero, Nathaniel Silvia, Anirudh Sattiraju, Aarthi Ramakrishnan, Li Shen, Alexandre Wojcinski, Santosh Kesari, Roland H. Friedel, Hongyan Zou, Guohao Dai   +10 more
wiley   +1 more source

Brain Processing of Contagious Itch in Patients with Atopic Dermatitis

Frontiers in Psychology, 2017
Several studies show that itch and scratching cannot only be induced by pruritogens like histamine or cowhage, but also by the presentation of certain (audio-) visual stimuli like pictures on crawling insects or videos showing other people scratching ...
Christina Schut, Hideki Mochizuki, Hideki Mochizuki, Shoshana K. Grossman, Andrew C. Lin, Christopher J. Conklin, Feroze B. Mohamed, Uwe Gieler, Joerg Kupfer, Gil Yosipovitch   +9 more
doaj   +1 more source

Extracellular LCN2 Binding to 24p3R in Astrocytes Impedes α‐Synuclein Endocytosis in Parkinson's Disease

Advanced Science, EarlyView.
24p3R is an astrocytic receptor for α‐Syn uptake. When LCN2 is secreted from astrocytes, it binds to its receptor 24p3R in astrocytes and this binding impedes the α‐Syn PFF binding to 24p3R. This in turn inhibits 24p3R‐mediated α‐Syn PFF uptake and reduces the clearance of extracellular α‐Syn by astrocytes, which contributes to α‐Syn spread and ...
Ying‐Ying Jiao, Tian Tian, Zhu Zhu, Lei Cao, Yang Liu, Rui‐An Wang, Zhi‐Yong Zhou, Cong Wang, Ke‐Zhong Zhang, Xiao Lu, Wen‐Wei Yun, Ying‐Mei Lu, Gang Hu, Ren‐Hong Du, Ming Lu   +14 more
wiley   +1 more source

Pauses in cholinergic interneuron firing exert an inhibitory control on striatal output in vivo

eLife, 2018
The cholinergic interneurons (CINs) of the striatum are crucial for normal motor and behavioral functions of the basal ganglia. Striatal CINs exhibit tonic firing punctuated by distinct pauses.
Stefano Zucca, Aya Zucca, Takashi Nakano, Sho Aoki, Jeffery Wickens   +4 more
doaj   +1 more source

Spatiotemporal Characterization of the Functional MRI Latency Structure with Respect to Neural Signaling and Brain Hierarchy

Advanced Science, EarlyView.
Resting‐state fMRI captures intrinsic brain activity, yet the physical significance of latency structures remains unclear. In this study, the spatiotemporal properties of fMRI‐derived latency structures are examined by linking them to biophysical model‐based neural functions, intrinsic neural timescales, and functional gradients.
Hyoungshin Choi, Yeongjun Park, Jong‐eun Lee, Sunghun Kim, Bo‐yong Park, Hyunjin Park   +5 more
wiley   +1 more source

Fronto-striatal atrophy correlates of neuropsychiatric dysfunction in frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD)

Dementia & Neuropsychologia
Behavioural disturbances in frontotemporal dementia (FTD) are thought to reflect mainly atrophy of cortical regions. Recent studies suggest that subcortical brain regions, in particular the striatum, are also significantly affected and this pathology ...
Dong Seok Yi, Maxime Bertoux, Eneida Mioshi, John R. Hodges, Michael Hornberger   +4 more
doaj   +1 more source

Dopamine neurons projecting to the posterior striatum form an anatomically distinct subclass

eLife, 2015
Combining rabies-virus tracing, optical clearing (CLARITY), and whole-brain light-sheet imaging, we mapped the monosynaptic inputs to midbrain dopamine neurons projecting to different targets (different parts of the striatum, cortex, amygdala, etc) in ...
William Menegas, Joseph F Bergan, Sachie K Ogawa, Yoh Isogai, Kannan Umadevi Venkataraju, Pavel Osten, Naoshige Uchida, Mitsuko Watabe-Uchida   +7 more
doaj   +1 more source

A Local Circuit Model of Learned Striatal and Dopamine Cell Responses under Probabilistic Schedules of Reward [PDF]

, 2007
Before choosing, it helps to know both the expected value signaled by a predictive cue and the associated uncertainty that the reward will be forthcoming. Recently, Fiorillo et al.
Bullock, Daniel, Tan, Can Ozan
core   +1 more source