Results 51 to 60 of about 1,946,426 (304)

Immune toxicities elicted by CTLA-4 blockade in cancer patients are associated with early diversification of the T cell repertoire

Cancer Research, 2016
While immune checkpoint blockade elicits efficacious responses in many cancer patients, it also produces a diverse and unpredictable number of immune-related adverse events (IRAE). Mechanisms driving IRAE are generally unknown.
D. Oh, J. Cham, Li Zhang, Grant Fong, S. Kwek, M. Klinger, M. Faham, L. Fong   +7 more
semanticscholar   +1 more source

Microbiome−host proteostasis crosstalk—An emerging perspective on mechanisms and interventions toward healthy longevity

FEBS Letters, EarlyView.
Proteostasis and the gut microbiota play a key role in shaping host physiology. Microbiota‐derived metabolites, vitamins, and RNA modulate host proteostasis. Findings from model systems, including C. elegans, indicate microbes can either stabilize or disrupt host proteostasis.
Abhishek Anil Dubey, Maria Ermolaeva
wiley   +1 more source

Reconstructing enzyme evolution by protein engineering

FEBS Letters, EarlyView.
Natural enzyme evolution can be retraced by protein engineering methods such as directed evolution, rational design, and ancestral sequence reconstruction. These approaches reveal how enzymes emerged from ligand‐binding scaffolds, developed varying substrate preferences, formed oligomeric complexes, adapted to environmental changes, and evolved novel ...
Lukas Drexler, Markus R. Busch, Reinhard Sterner   +2 more
wiley   +1 more source

Deep sequencing of antiviral T-cell responses to HCMV and EBV in humans reveals a stable repertoire that is maintained for many years. [PDF]

PLoS Pathogens, 2012
CD8(+) T-cell responses against latent viruses can cover considerable portions of the CD8(+) T-cell compartment for many decades, yet their initiation and maintenance remains poorly characterized in humans. A key question is whether the clonal repertoire
P L Klarenbeek, E B M Remmerswaal, I J M ten Berge, M E Doorenspleet, B D C van Schaik, R E E Esveldt, S D Koch, A ten Brinke, A H C van Kampen, F J Bemelman, P P Tak, F Baas, N de Vries, R A W van Lier   +13 more
doaj   +1 more source

Microbiome‐blood–brain barrier interactions in aging — mechanisms and therapeutic potential

FEBS Letters, EarlyView.
Aging reshapes the gut microbiome (↓SCFA‐producing commensals; ↑pro‐inflammatory outputs), shifting circulating metabolites (↓SCFAs; ↑LPS, ↑TMAO, ↑PAA) that act at the BBB to increase nonspecific transcytosis, alter transport, and promote astrocyte reactivity, heightening brain vulnerability.
Daniel Cuervo‐Zanatta, Hari Baskar Balasubramanian, Amir Pasokh, Marietta Zille   +3 more
wiley   +1 more source

Development and Selection of the Human Vγ9Vδ2+ T-Cell Repertoire

Frontiers in Immunology, 2018
Vγ9Vδ2+ lymphocytes are among the first T-cells to develop in the human fetus and are the predominant peripheral blood γδ T-cell population in most adults.
C. Willcox, Martin S. Davey, B. Willcox
semanticscholar   +1 more source

Peripheral lysosomes recruit PLEKHG3 to focal adhesions and restrain protrusion dynamics

FEBS Letters, EarlyView.
Proximity‐dependent labeling at the LAMTOR complex revealed the Rho GEF PLEKHG3 as a lysosome‐proximal protein directing the study toward the influence of lysosome positioning on actin dynamics and cell motility. We show that PLEKHG3 colocalizes with lysosomes at focal adhesion sites and observe that forced peripheral dispersion of lysosomes hinders ...
Rainer Ettelt, Ana‐Maria Sandru, Georg Vucak, Sebastian Didusch, Biljana Riemelmoser, Karin Ehrenreiter, Markus Hartl, Lukas A. Huber, Manuela Baccarini   +8 more
wiley   +1 more source

Liver organoids: modelling complexity in homeostasis and disease

FEBS Letters, EarlyView.
Studying liver in vitro has been challenging because simple 2D cell cultures fail to capture liver's cellular and architectural complexity. To bridge this gap, scientists increasingly use organoids, 3D liver models which better mimic liver composition and function. This review examines recent advances in liver organoid complexity and realism, discusses
Anna M. Dowbaj, Meritxell Huch
wiley   +1 more source

From junk to function — How weak selection in eukaryotes builds new parts and drives genomic complexity

FEBS Letters, EarlyView.
How do genomes gain new functional parts? In eukaryotes, which tend to evolve under weak selection, much of the genome is junk. Palazzo and Qiu borrow the logic of Markov chains to show how non‐functional DNA becomes functional through the appearance of intermediate states, which arise due to epistasis, buffering, and biochemical messiness, allowing ...
Alexander F. Palazzo, Yi Qiu
wiley   +1 more source

Origin and evolution of the T cell repertoire after posttransplantation cyclophosphamide

JCI Insight, 2016
Posttransplantation cyclophosphamide (PTCy) effectively prevents graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), but its immunologic impact is poorly understood. We assessed lymphocyte reconstitution via flow cytometry (n = 74) and antigen receptor sequencing (n = 35)
C. Kanakry, D. Coffey, A. Towlerton, Ante Vulic, B. Storer, Jeffrey Chou, Cecilia C. S. Yeung, C. Gocke, H. Robins, P. O'Donnell, L. Luznik, E. Warren   +11 more
semanticscholar   +1 more source